The most common causes of calcium phosphate stones are hyperparathyroidism and renal tubular acidosis. Most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism require surgery to treat the parathyroid problem. Renal tubular acidosis requires pharmacological adjustment. If these two most common causes are ruled out, pharmacological treatment of calcium phosphate stones is mainly through thiazide diuretics to regulate urinary calcium levels. If co-infected calcium phosphate stones require aggressive control of the infection followed by management of the stone.