Once a lumbar disc herniation is diagnosed, it needs to be treated with appropriate methods. Both modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine have many methods for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, each of which has its own characteristics and advantages. In summary, they can be divided into two categories: non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatment, also called conservative treatment, commonly used methods include: various Chinese and Western medication, traction, manipulation, physical therapy, acupuncture, fascial therapy, closure therapy, nucleus pulposus treatment, etc. Even simple bed rest is also a traditional and effective treatment method. Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation has been developed for a long time and is mainly divided into two types: anterior and posterior. Among them, posterior surgery is divided into total laminectomy, hemi-laminectomy and open window according to the different methods of entering the spinal canal. With the development of medical devices, some limited surgeries for lumbar disc herniation have been carried out in recent years, and certain efficacy has been achieved, such as percutaneous lumbar discotomy and aspiration. In conclusion, doctors and patients should choose appropriate treatment methods according to the specific pathological changes and symptom manifestations.