Inguinal hernia is one of the most common diseases in humans and although the ratio of men to women is 10:1, inguinal hernias are not uncommon in women because of the large patient base. Overall, female inguinal hernias and their surgery have less impact on female fertility than males because the spermatic cord and testes associated with fertility in males are the areas where hernias and their surgery would be involved, while the organs associated with fertility in females, such as the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, are in the abdominal cavity and generally do not involve the area where hernias occur and are operated on. However, women, mainly of childbearing age, have a problem with pregnancy, so we still need to discuss it. The most common situation is a woman of childbearing age, married, preparing for pregnancy and also a patient with an inguinal hernia, thinking that the hernia may have an impact on the delivery, will ask me: should I have surgery before pregnancy? Or should I do the surgery after delivery? If the surgery is needed as soon as possible, how long do I need to recuperate before I can get pregnant, etc. First of all, there is indeed a contradiction in the treatment priority. If surgery is performed first and then pregnancy, the increase in abdominal pressure during pregnancy will increase the recurrence rate of hernia in the future, while if pregnancy is performed first and then surgery, the increase in abdominal pressure during pregnancy can cause the hernia to develop and even become ingrown, which may lead to miscarriage and preterm delivery if the hernia is operated in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, and the postoperative medication may also affect the fetus. So what is the better choice? My treatment: For patients with small hernias, less severe symptoms and a low probability of impaction it is usually recommended to get pregnant first and wait one year after surgery before surgery; on the contrary, if the hernia is large and the symptoms are obvious, it is still recommended to repair it surgically and then get pregnant after 3 months after surgery. The second fertility-related issue that the surgeon must consider is the protection of the round ligament of the uterus. The round ligament is present on both sides, symmetrically positioned, and serves to fix the position of the uterus, whereas in women the hernia sac is in close proximity to the round ligament, which can lead to a skewed position of the uterus if incorrectly cut during surgery, which can have an impact on conception and the position of the enlarged uterus during pregnancy. In addition, there are some rare cases that can affect fertility. Usually, it is the intestines in the abdominal cavity that fall into the hernia sac and protrude from the body, but occasionally it is the ovaries or even the uterus. The ovaries are the organs that produce the female reproductive cells, the eggs, and if they fall in at a young age, this of course affects the development of the ovaries, and at the same time the ovaries become located further away from the fallopian tubes and the uterus, so the probability of the eggs finding their way into the uterus after natural ovulation is reduced, naturally affecting fertility on the affected side. The uterus falling out is of course much rarer, most of them are malformed small uteruses, which did occur clinically at that time.