Chlamydia trachomatis is a pathogenic microorganism that is widely found in people’s living environment. Infection is mainly caused by direct contact, with chlamydia entering the eye or the genitourinary system. Infants are infected by passing through the mother’s birth canal during delivery, called mother-to-child transmission. Chlamydia trachomatis may cause disease in a variety of areas, the common ones being the eye, urinary system and genital system, where trachoma, urethritis and vaginitis occur respectively. The pathogen is easily spread in places with poor sanitation or relatively hot and dry conditions; people with relatively low resistance are easily infected. Trachoma can be caused by eye infections. In general, once infected, both eyes will show signs of disease. In the early stages, the symptoms may not be obvious, but once they appear, they may lead to complications related to trachoma. The disease cycle is relatively long, and by the time the scarring phase becomes apparent, it is already difficult to treat. As a result of significant scarring of the conjunctiva a variety of complications can occur, such as lid entropion, impingement, lid bulb adhesions, severe ocular dryness, and even more severe corneal lesions and eventual blindness. Prevention of Chlamydia trachomatis infection mainly starts with improving environmental hygiene, changing the bad habit of using the flesh of the hand, and a good medical examination should be done before pregnancy, and if there is a problem, early and relevant treatment is very crucial.