1.Why should I use anticoagulation therapy for valve replacement patients? Because the artificial valve (biological valve or mechanical valve) is not the body’s own tissue, blood is easy to coagulate in and around the artificial valve, causing thrombosis and affecting the function of the artificial valve, and if the thrombus is dislodged, it can also cause thromboembolism (brain embolism, lower limb artery embolism, etc.), which is very harmful to people. Therefore, patients who have their valves replaced should be treated with anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis. Biological valve replacement requires anticoagulation for only three to six months, while mechanical valve replacement requires lifelong anticoagulation. 2.How to anticoagulate? The commonly used anticoagulant is Warfarin, and oral anticoagulation tablets are usually taken as prescribed after removal of the tracheal tube after surgery. In order to make the accuracy of drug application, daily morning blood sampling is required to check the prothrombin time and activity during the first week after surgery. Subsequent checks will be performed 1-2 times per week, gradually extending to once per month to once every two to three months. Keep the prothrombin time at 18-24 seconds and the international standard ratio (INR) at 1.8-2. 3.How to observe anticoagulant overdose? Patients should always observe whether there is hematuria, nosebleeds, bleeding gums and bleeding spots on the skin, etc. Once these phenomena occur, they should contact the doctor immediately. 4.What should I pay attention to when taking other drugs during the anticoagulation process? Patients may take some other medications after valve replacement and should pay attention to whether the medication you are taking has an effect on anticoagulants. For example, aspirin, pentoxifylline and anti-inflammatory pain will increase the anticoagulant effect of anticoagulant drugs, and care should be taken to prevent bleeding when taking these drugs. And vitamin K, other hemostatic drugs and some sleeping pills will weaken the anticoagulant effect of anticoagulant drugs, and care should be taken to prevent clotting when taking these drugs. Other medications should be applied under the guidance of a doctor.