Bacteriuria is defined as a medium urine specimen collected under aseptic technique after cleaning the vulva, such as a smear in which bacteria are seen in every high-powered field of view, or a culture colony count of more than 100,000 per milliliter. Normally, urine is sterile, but the area around the urethra and the lower 1/3 of the urethra is bacterial. Therefore, the urine excreted from the body can be contaminated with some of the bacteria. Experts point out that bacteriuria is a very harmful condition, and patients need to undergo a full range of tests before treating bacteriuria so that the condition can be diagnosed in a timely manner. Common examination methods: 1, urine sediment smear to find bacteria: can initially determine whether the urinary tract infection is positive cocci or negative bacillus infection, as a reference for the use of antibacterial drugs. The first fresh urine sediment smear in the morning, the number of bacteria per high-powered view <10 or no bacteria, then usually the middle urine culture negative or colony count <103/mL; bacteria up to 15-20 then the middle urine culture colony count >105/mL. 2, urine bacterial culture: the current application of the middle urine culture colony count method can identify whether the urinary tract infection. <104/mL is considered meaningless or contaminated, colony count >105/mL can be used as the basis for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection, when the colony count 104 to 105/mL is suspicious. Urine culture of common microorganisms are pathogenic bacteria, rare and uncertain pathogenic bacteria and contaminated bacteria three categories. 3, tuberculosis bacillus test: an important method to determine the presence of urinary tract tuberculosis. Urine concentrated smear antacid staining to find tuberculosis bacteria, 104-105/mL is positive, but the positive rate is low.