We all know about hepatitis B, not so much about hepatitis C. Hepatitis C is abbreviated as hepatitis C, which is caused by HCV infection with hepatitis C virus. Hepatitis B is a highly endemic area for HBV infection in China, and the HBSAG positivity rate in the general population is 9.09%. The national epidemiological survey shows that the anti-HCV positivity rate in our population is 3.2%, with some differences between regions. Taking the Yangtze River as the boundary, 3.6% in the north was higher than 2.9% in the south. The rate of anti-HCV positivity gradually increases with age. The main transmission routes of hepatitis C: 1. Blood transmission: This is the main way of transmission of hepatitis C, transmitted by blood transfusion and blood products. This route has been effectively controlled in China since 1992 when blood donors were screened for anti-HCV. Transmission via broken skin and mucous membranes. This is by far the predominant mode of transmission. The use of non-disposable syringes and needles, dental instruments that are not strictly sterilized, endoscopes, invasive procedures and needle sticks are also important routes of transdermal exposure. Sanitary items such as communal razors and toothbrushes, beauty and hairdressing supplies that do not pass strict sterilization, tattoos, eyebrow tattoos, eyeliner tattoos, and ear piercing are also potential modes of transmission of hepatitis C virus through the blood. 2, sexual transmission: sex with hepatitis C virus infected people and people with multiple sexual partners have a higher risk of hepatitis C infection. Those who also have other sexually transmitted diseases, especially those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have a higher risk of contracting HCV. 3. The risk of transmission of HCV to the newborn from an anti-HCV-positive mother is about 2%, and can be as high as 4-7% if the mother is positive for HCV RNA at the time of delivery; the risk of transmission increases to 20% when combined with HIV infection. A high hepatitis C virus load can increase the risk of transmission. Hepatitis C disease progression: acute hepatitis – chronic hepatitis – compensated cirrhosis – decompensated cirrhosis – -liver cancer. Clinical presentation: Hepatitis C usually has an insidious onset with no obvious clinical signs and symptoms. Patients can progress asymptomatically for several years, and in fact, people often learn they have hepatitis C only by chance. Some patients may present only with malaise, loss of appetite, nausea and vague pain or discomfort in the right quadrant of the rib cage, and a few patients may have a low-grade fever or develop jaundice. Liver function is abnormal or normal, anti-HCV is positive, and HCV RNA is positive. The initial diagnosis is based on epidemiological data, symptoms, signs and liver function tests, anti-HCV and other tests, of which anti-HCV screening is the most important. A definitive diagnosis of hepatitis C needs to be based on HCV RNA testing. Treatment of hepatitis C: Treatment aim: to clear the hepatitis C virus to improve or reduce liver damage, stop or delay the progression to cirrhosis, liver failure, liver cancer, and strive to achieve clinical cure. Indications for treatment; Generally speaking, as long as the serum HCVRNA is positive, antiviral therapy is required, for ALT levels are normal or not as an indicator of whether antiviral therapy. Patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis should be given antiviral therapy under close observation. With early detection and timely, correct and reasonable treatment, it is entirely possible to cure patients with hepatitis C. The following behaviors do not transmit the hepatitis C virus: courtesy kissing, hugging, sneezing, coughing, food, drinking, sharing utensils, sharing work tools, office supplies, money, sharing public places, no skin breaks and other non-blood-exposed contacts generally do not transmit the hepatitis C virus.