BCG vaccine Disease prevention: Tuberculosis Vaccination time: Within 24 hours after birth, BCG vaccine should be given promptly. Contraindications to vaccination: Premature babies, babies with obvious congenital malformations, newborns with a birth weight of less than 2.5 kg, and children with fever, diarrhea and severe skin diseases. Warm reminder: 3-4 weeks after vaccination, the skin at the inoculation site will appear a soybean-sized, dark red protrusion with a hard lump in the middle, and then the central part of the hard lump will soften and form a small pustule, which can be absorbed by itself or may break down and form an ulcer. Be careful not to let the water get wet on the ulcer when bathing. Usually the ulcers will crust over in 2-3 weeks. Hepatitis B vaccine Disease prevention: Hepatitis B Vaccination time: Within 24 hours after birth, one intramuscular injection of Hepatitis B vaccine should be given as soon as possible, one month later, the second injection, and the third injection at the age of six months, a total of three injections, called the 0, 1, 6 program. Contraindications to vaccination: Babies born with severe organ malformations, neonatal asphyxia, jaundice or acute serious diseases, premature birth weight <2.5kg, and babies with Apgar score <7 should withhold vaccination. Polio vaccine (sugar pill) Preventing disease: polio Vaccination time: once orally at 2 months, 3 months and 4 months after birth, and once at 4 weeks of age. Warm reminder: Very few babies have fever, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms after taking sugar pills, very few have mild diarrhea, most of them heal naturally in 2-3 days. After crushing the sugar pill, take it directly with cold water, avoid taking it with hot water or breast milk, and do not feed milk or water for 1 hour after taking it. Pertussis vaccine Disease prevention: Pertussis is the abbreviation of three diseases: pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. Vaccination time: The initial immunization should be given at 3 months of age, 4 months of age and 5 months of age after birth, and each vaccination should be given at an interval of 4 weeks for a total of 3 doses, and the booster immunization should be given at 18-24 months of age after birth for 1 dose. Reactions to vaccination: Redness and swelling may appear at the vaccination site, and a few babies may have feverish reactions, which usually disappear within 2-3 days. Contraindications to vaccination: Babies with a history of epilepsy, neurological disorders and seizures should not be vaccinated. Babies with abnormal reactions such as high fever and convulsions after the first injection should not receive the second injection. Vaccination should be suspended for babies with acute infectious diseases (including recovery period) and fever. Measles vaccine: Measles, rubella, mumps. Vaccination time: The first dose is given at 8 months of age, and a second dose is given at 18 months of age. Contraindications to measles vaccination: Allergy to drugs, serum, etc. Warm reminder: MMR vaccine is used at 18 months of age for repeat vaccination. Live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine Prevent disease: viral hepatitis A. Vaccination time: one dose at 18-24 months of age. Contraindications to vaccination: Babies with allergies are prone to adverse reactions and should consult a doctor before deciding whether to receive the vaccine. Attenuated B encephalitis vaccine Disease prevention: Epidemic B encephalitis. Vaccination time: The national immunization program provides for a total of two doses of basic immunization, while live attenuated vaccine is used in China: the first dose is given at 8 months of age, and a booster is given at 2 years of age. Contraindications to vaccination: Children with neurological diseases, weak constitution, allergies and acute and chronic diseases should not be vaccinated. Warm reminder: B encephalitis is prevalent in July, August and September every year, so complete the vaccination before the arrival of the B encephalitis epidemic season. Influenza vaccine Disease prevention: Epidemic meningomyelitis, not influenza! Vaccination time: Group A vaccination starts at 6 months of age and requires one more vaccination at an interval of 3 months; A+C vaccination at 3 years of age and one more vaccination at 6 years of age. Contraindications to vaccination: Patients with neurological diseases such as epilepsy, hysteria, convulsions, and sequelae of encephalitis should not be vaccinated.