I. Overview
Asthma is a disease characterized by sudden onset of shortness of breath and coughing in the throat. Asthma is often triggered by the wind or improper diet. Although there is no name for asthma in the Nei Jing, there are records of clinical symptoms and etiology of asthma in many chapters. For example, Suwen? The Yang Ming Special Commentary says: “Yin strives within, Yang disturbs outside, the prana sweat is not hidden, the four rebellious and rise, the rise is smoked lung, making people wheeze.” Asthma is a disease characterized by sudden onset of shortness of breath and roaring sound in the throat. It is often triggered by external evil or improper diet.
The term “asthma” in Chinese medicine is broad in meaning, it refers to shortness of breath in general, and many medical books have discussed and recorded this disease. Zhang Zhongjing’s “Jin Kui Yao” also named it “Shang Qi”, and recorded “coughing and Shang Qi, the sound of water chicken in the throat”; in ancient times, Zhu Danxi’s “The Cause of the Disease” first created the name “asthma”, and later medical practitioners In Ming Dynasty, Yu Tuan pointed out in his book “The Medical Journal” that “asthma is described by breath, while asthma is named by sound.” It is considered that shortness of breath, opening the mouth and lifting the shoulders are evidence of wheezing, while panting and sound in the throat are evidence of croup, and croup must be accompanied by wheezing, while wheezing need not be accompanied by croup. This distinction has some significance for the diagnosis and treatment, but clinically it is often not easy to distinguish between asthma and croup, and even the same patient can have an attack when it is light like asthma, but become croup when it is aggravated. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that the term asthma was fixed.
The main pathological link of asthma is the internal ambush of the disease, which is also triggered by the feeling of external evil or other factors, as pointed out by Zhu Danxi of the Yuan Dynasty in the book “The Cause of Asthma”: “The cause of asthma is the retention of phlegm and drinks, which are formed into an arena and lurk inside, and occasionally the offense of the seven emotions, the injury of diet, or the wind and cold of the external season, which binds its muscle surface, then the evidence of asthma is made. The causes of asthma are usually the following: the cold evil hurts the lungs, the phlegm drinks inside the airway; there is improper diet, too much acid, sweet and fat, brewing phlegm steam heat, dry on the lungs; there is a spleen and kidney Yang deficiency, the gas does not turn into fluid, phlegm turbidity congestion of the lungs and other reasons. But the onset of asthma must be caused by various triggers, such as wind and cold, diet, emotion, fatigue and other triggers of its phlegm, resulting in the intersection of phlegm and gas, phlegm gas rise, gas due to phlegm obstruction, mutual wrestling, obstruction of the airway, the narrowing of the lung ducts, lung gas lift unfavorable, resulting in breathing difficulties, shortness of breath; at the same time, the in and out of gas, and again lead to touch the accumulated phlegm, resulting in the sound of croup. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Yongcui pointed out in the “Evidence and Treatment Huixi” that “croup is a long and constant pronunciation of phlegm and asthma, so that there is congestion of gas inside, untimely sensation outside, and phlegm in the diaphragm, and the three are combined to close the airway and reject the air, and the sound of fighting is developed as asthma.” It is briefly explained that congestion, untimely sensation and phlegm are the three main aspects of asthma attack.
According to successive generations of doctors, the main organ of the pathological changes of this disease is mainly the lung, involving the spleen and kidney, and later involving the heart. Therefore, most of the asthma cases are in the lungs, with the main cause of the disease being the actual evil, and the kidneys, with the deficiency of positive energy. However, due to the recurrent attacks and long duration of the disease, clinical deficiency of the lungs, spleen and kidneys often occurs, and the patient then feels the trigger, the new evil induces the volatile drinks, and the phlegm and qi are intertwined and congested in the lungs, so that the asthma attack is manifested as a mismatch of evil and positive deficiency.
The principle of treatment: “It is advisable to dispel the evil in real asthma, and to cultivate and supplement in deficient asthma; it is advisable to warm up or disperse cold asthma, and to remove phlegm and purge the lung in hot asthma.” This is the main method to treat the symptoms, but not the root. Asthma patients are often not a single deficiency, but mostly manifest as a deficiency and a combination of deficiency and reality, so the key to treating asthma is to distinguish between evil and deficiency, and the difference between the symptoms and the root. In the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Danxi’s “Danxi Xinfa” advocated: “In all cases of prolonged asthma, it is advisable to support the righteousness before the onset, and to attack the evil after the onset.” The principle of treatment was pointed out for later generations of physicians. In clinical practice, the treatment of wind is the mainstay of eliminating evil, and the treatment of kidney is the mainstay of supporting righteousness. It is generally advisable to eliminate evil (treating wind) and then support righteousness (fixing kidney), but we should not only take care of the symptoms but not the root, or support righteousness but not the symptoms. As for what is more or less to eliminate the evil and help the righteous, it varies from person to person. In adolescent patients, the symptoms are mainly of the lung meridian, while in middle-aged and elderly patients, the symptoms of deficiency roaring are more common, with the symptoms of upper real and lower deficiency. New illnesses are more likely to be actual, while old illnesses are more likely to be deficient. Only when the clinical evidence is precise and the treatment is correct, and the combination of deficiency and actual symptoms and symptoms can achieve the desired effect.
Second, the historical origin of asthma and wind evil
Su Wen? It is also recorded in the “General Commentary on Deficiency” that “the lactation of the son in the wind heat, wheezing and shoulder rest ……”. The same book “Su Wen? Taiyin Yangming Lun” and this clinical symptom is called “panting”: “the offender of thieves wind deficiency evil Yang suffer from, …… Yang suffer from then into the six provinces, …… The body is hot when it enters the six provinces, and from time to time it lies down, and the top is panting.” The “panting” also means panting and sounding. It is clear that the Su Wen not only has a grasp of the clinical features of asthma, but also recognizes that the disease is mainly a lesion of the lung, and related to other internal organs; wind invasion, affecting the physiological functions of the internal organs (especially the lung), is the main cause of asthma.
The main cause of asthma is the invasion of the wind and the influence on the physiological functions of the internal organs (especially the lungs). Although the name “asthma” does not exist in Zhang Zhongjing’s Treatise on Typhoid, the term “asthma” in the phrase “asthma home, Gui Zhi plus Hou Pu apricot soup” probably refers to patients with a history of asthma, The term “作” refers to the attack of this disease. The term “作” refers to the attack of the disease. In the article “Coughing with upper air and watery chicken sound in the throat”, “the person is wheezing and his eyes look like he has lost his breath”, and “coughing with upper air, salivating at times and unable to sleep while sitting”, In the same book, “Phlegm in the diaphragm, full of gas, coughing and vomiting, with chills and fever, back pain, back pain, weeping from the eyes, and the person’s body vibrating? The person’s body is vibrating and he must be drinking”. This is a description of the clinical characteristics of asthma attacks with a roaring sound in the throat and inability to lie down, and it also points out that the onset of the disease is directly related to the fugue drink and wind. Many of his prescriptions, such as Gui Zhi plus Hou Pu and Apricot Soup, Yue Wu plus Han Xia Soup, Xiao Qing Long Soup, Shen Gan and Ma Huang Soup, Soap Pod Pill, and Scape Drabble and Dazao Diarrhea Lung Soup, are still commonly used in the treatment of croup.
In Sui? Chao Yuanfang’s “Treatise on the Origin of Various Diseases” calls this disease “upper qi and sounding breath” and “siping cough”, and has an insightful explanation of its pathogenesis: ” The lung is the master of qi, and when evil rides on the lung, the lung is distended, and when distended, the lung tube is unfavorable, and when unfavorable, the airway is astringent, so the qi goes up The lung is the master of the lung. “The book points out that the onset of this disease is related to the multiplication of evil in the lungs. In the Tang Dynasty, works such as “Thousand Gold Essentials” and “Secret Essentials of Wai Tai” were characterized by extensive search and collection, which preserved many valuable experiences of ancient medical practitioners, such as “Secret Essentials of Wai Tai? Volume 9? For example, the prescription of “Long-term coughing, sitting and lying down” contains the symptoms of “long-suffering coughing, wheezing, sitting and lying down, and the sound in the throat, and the desire for extinction” and the prescription of ephedra and almonds as the main medicines, which clearly recognizes the importance of the disease’s episodic nature and the characteristics of the symptoms and the treatment of wind.
In the Song Dynasty, Chen Wuzhe’s “Three Cause Formula? Asthma pulse evidence treatment” that the upper gas and cough diseases, mainly lung lesions, should be clearly positioned, so as to avoid confusion and divergence. He said: “All five organs have upper gas and wheezing cough, but the lung is the five viscera Huagai, a hundred veins take gas in the lung, wheezing often move gas, so the lung is the main.” Yang’s “Renzai direct instructions with the remaining formula” also said: “the lung is the main gas, a breath, rise and fall, Ying and Wei rest number, the flow of the so-called wheezing; but the evil gas ambush, phlegm and saliva floating Chung, can not call, can not suck, so the upper gas urgency, filling the lung cavity, agitation, such as the boiling of the pot, and the shape of wheezing with.” From his description of the clinical symptoms and etiology of asthma, it is obvious that it refers to asthma, that is, asthma. Xu Shuwei in the “Puji Materia Medica? Volume I” called asthma as “snoring asthma”, and said “where the sky is cloudy want to make rain, then hair, …… even sitting and lying down, eating and drinking, this is the lung orifice in the accumulation of cold phlegm, multiplied by the sky yin cold air from the back, mouth and nose, then the lung swelling sound. This disease has a lifelong suffering, and is also passed from mother to child.” There is a clear understanding of the etiology, clinical features and prognosis of asthma. In particular, Wang Dizhong’s “Acupuncture and Moxibustion Zisheng Jing” already has the name of asthma, for example, he said: “For treating asthma, we only mu (stab) the lung yu, not mu (stab) other points”; “Anyone who has wheezing and roaring, for pressing the lung yu is always sore and painful, so we all mu stab the lung yu, so that moxibustion will cure”. The “Puji Zhangshi” also contains the “Puji Zhangshi”. The “Puji Materia Medica” also contains the special formula “Zijin Dan” for treating asthma, which is still used in clinical practice.
During the Jin-Yuan period, Zhu Danxi began to use “asthma” as an independent name for the disease in his book “Danxi Xinfa”. He believed that “asthma must be treated with a thin taste, mainly phlegm” and summarized the treatment of asthma incisively as “before the onset of the disease to support the righteous Qi as the main, both the onset of the disease to attack the evil Qi as a matter of urgency”. This theory has been the religion of later generations of doctors and has had a great influence.
In the Ming Dynasty, Danxi’s disciple Dai Yuanli wrote in the book “The Secret of the Secret Evidence? Volume 6? Asthma”, clearly put forward the disease has a “persistent root” said: “the disease of asthma, roar like the sound of a water chicken, pulling the chest and back, gas can not rest, sitting and lying restless, this is called cough and asthma, or persistent root …… in case of cold noise will develop ……” Yu Tuan’s “Medical Zhengzhuan” clearly distinguishes between asthma and wheezing: “Asthma is said by breath, and asthma is named by sound”; “Those who are asthmatic and have a sound like a water chicken in the throat are called asthma; those who are short of breath and continuously Those who cannot rest are called asthma.” Wang Kentang in the “standard rules of evidence and treatment” more detailed description of the differences between the two symptoms: “wheezing, shortness of breath, drink and breath number, open mouth and lift the shoulders, shake the body and fetch the belly”; ” roar and wheezing similar, but not like wheezing open mouth out of the air of the more …… to There is a lot of phlegm in the chest, knotted in the throat, fighting with the gas, with its breathing Ya squeak in the throat, …… to roar out of the phlegm in the throat to go, the sound will rest a little; if the taste is not regulated, the phlegm in its chest is not exhausted again with the new taste knotted, roaring will be made more.” According to Qin Jingming, the main difference between croup and asthma is that croup is an episodic disease: “Every six or seven days, or three or four days for light cases. If you are not careful in your life, the old disease will recur.” In the treatment of asthma, the book summarizes the experience of previous authors in a more systematic way. For those who develop asthma due to cold, which is cold in both the outside and the outside, use Dong Yuan Ginseng and Su Wen Lung Soup with Zi Jin Dan to rob cold phlegm; for those who develop asthma due to cold and heat, use Zhong Jing and Dan Xi to add Han Xia with Yue Maid; for those who develop asthma due to thick taste, use Qing Jin Dan. Li Shicai “medical must read” is that: asthma its causes are many, or because of sitting and lying cold and damp, or because of acid and salty over-eating, or because of the accumulation of fire fumigation, always nothing more than phlegm fire in the internal, wind and cold bundle outside, so the use of medicine can not be too cold, fear of wind is difficult to solve, and not too hot, fear of phlegm fire easy to open, advocate the use of Su Zi, Citrus Aurantium, orris, wind, half summer, Gua Pou, Poria, licorice side of the unified, winter plus ephedra, summer plus gypsum, cold plus Ginger. Zhang Jiebin “Jing Yue Quan Shu” that the treatment of asthma, should be the Danxi not issued to help the right, has been issued to attack the evil, but “to support the right qi must identify the yin and yang, yin deficiency to supplement its yin, yang deficiency to supplement its yang; attacking the evil qi must be divided into micro and very, or warm its cold, or clear its phlegm fire; long-onset, the qi is not deficient, so in the dissipation should be appropriate to add warm tonic, or in the warm tonic should be added to the amount of dissipation. ” Ming people on the treatment of asthma, to push Zhang’s most comprehensive and accurate. He also pointed out that “the linea volume linea volume to the yuan qi as the idea, must make the yuan qi gradually full, so that they can hope to gradually heal, if the attack is too much without not to the day even and dangerous.” Also very insightful.
The medical practitioners of the Qing Dynasty made further progress in the understanding of asthma than their predecessors. Li Yongcui’s “The evidence and treatment of the disease? Volume 5” incisively summarizes the cause of asthma as “internal congestion, external untimely sensation, and phlegm in the diaphragm”; “Jinjian of Medicine” classifies asthma into four categories: cold, heat, deficiency and reality, according to external cold injury to the lung, stopping drinking, fire, phlegm, deficiency of qi and deficiency of cold in the kidney. Shen Jinao “Shen’s Zun Sheng book” further recognized that the disease “mostly felt in childhood, the guest offended salt and vinegar, penetrate the gas and epigastric, once the wind and cold, will choke the road, breath wheezing.” It is also said that this disease has various differences of food roaring, water roaring, wind and phlegm roaring, and long-standing roaring. In addition, Zhang Lu’s “Zhang’s Medical General”, Lin Qin’s “Classical Evidence and Treatment”, Yu Genchu’s “Common Theory of Typhoid” and Chen Xiuyuan’s “Three Character Classic of Medicine” all summarize and collate the experience of the previous authors with their own clinical practice in the section on asthma.
Asthma and the pathogenesis of wind
One of them is the internal cause, i.e., the persistent root, which becomes the persistent root of asthma due to the lack of innate endowment and the dysfunction of internal organs, resulting in the accumulation of persistent phlegm in the lung meridian and the ambush of phlegm-dampness or phlegm-heat in the lung. There are three sources of phlegm: firstly, due to deficiency of spleen, water and dampness are not properly transported and transformed, and water and dampness accumulate and become phlegm; secondly, due to deficiency of kidney yang, water and qi are not transformed and become phlegm; thirdly, due to deficiency of lung qi, phlegm is produced due to failure of suction and descent. The second is external causes, which are the main factors triggering asthma. The second is external causes, which are the main factors triggering asthma, including feeling wind, improper diet triggering asthma, living in a cold and damp place for a long time and aggravating asthma, feeling fire, heat and summer, mood disorders affecting the function of qi, blood and internal organs and triggering asthma, and overexertion also triggering asthma.
The basic pathogenesis of asthma is that phlegm is trapped inside the body and triggered by new evils, which congests the airways and malfunctions the function of propagation and purification of lung qi. But clinically, wind-related asthma is very common, accounting for almost two-thirds of the incidence, and although the wind is mainly external wind, internal wind is not uncommon in recent years.
1, phlegm in the internal: phlegm is the pathological product of the body, the formation and attack of asthma, phlegm as the basic cause. There are many reasons for the production of phlegm, among which are related to the spleen. But in addition to the loss of health of the spleen, other internal organs dysfunction can also produce phlegm, and at the same time with the impact of various external pathogenic factors on the human body can not be separated. In particular, the external wind and lose in the table, the disease from the superficial into the deep, stay in the lung system, affecting the flow of Qi and fluid in the body, and over time and become phlegm; In addition, such as anger and worry constantly, the Qi stagnation, hepatitis and wind, wind insult to the gold and phlegm. Phlegm in the internal, glued to not go, so it becomes the root of asthma, once the new evil induced, the phlegm with the pneumatic, gathered in the lung system, the development of asthma.
2, the lung is out of the catharsis: the lung is the main gas, the division of respiration, outside the hair, the main catharsis and surrender. Phlegm is the root of asthma, and because it stays in the body for a long time, it gradually weakens the vital energy. The weakness of the spleen and earth, and the low function of transportation and transformation will lead to new phlegm; the lung energy is depleted, and the external guard is not solid, which will easily lead to the invasion of wind and evil. If the phlegm is induced by wind and cold, or by rain and dew, or by sudden changes in climate, or by the change of season, the phlegm is induced by wind; or by the accumulation of food and enthusiasm, the fire rises and the gas moves against the wind, so that the phlegm moves and the gas is blocked and congested in the lung system, so that the lung gas is neither propagated to the outside nor purified to the bottom, so that the upward reversal is caused by wheezing and urging, and the roaring is made.
Some scholars believe that the cause of asthma is wind-cold, wind-heat and damp phlegm. As these pathogenic factors attack the lungs, they cause narrowing of the airways of the lungs and poor ventilation, resulting in asthma, which is the actual evidence. As for the deficiency evidence, it is mainly due to the deficiency of the lung and kidney caused by long illness. Because the lung has the function of supervising qi and the kidney has the function of taking in the lung, asthma occurs when the lung and kidney lose these physiological functions.
Fourth, Zhongjing’s theory treats stubborn asthma from wind research
Zhang Zhongjing in the Treatise on Typhoid has an incisive discussion and effective treatment prescriptions for coughing and wheezing, shortness of breath and inability to rest caused by wind. They are described as follows.
1. Sweating to treat wind
In the first half of the year, the Chinese medicine was used for the treatment of cough and wheezing caused by wind. In the text of the asthma, the evidence belongs to the external attack of wind and cold, the lung qi is not declared, for external typhoid fever table solid evidence. In addition to asthma, it can also be seen that the evil of wind and cold is depressed on the surface of the muscles, the Wei-Yang is closed and the Ying-Yin is stagnant, resulting in vicious cold, fever, no sweating, pain in the bones of the head and body, and floating and tight pulse. Therefore, Ephedra Tang is used to relieve the symptoms by sweating, promote lung and calm asthma. If the Sun and Yangming are combined, the condition is more on the surface (e.g., Article 36 of the treatise, “If the Sun and Yangming are combined and the chest is full with asthma, it should not be lowered, so Ephedra Tang is appropriate”; Article 237, “If the Yangming disease is characterized by a floating pulse, no sweating and asthma, sweating is the cure, so Ephedra Tang is appropriate”), the asthma still belongs to This is because the lung qi is not propagated due to the external attack of wind and cold, therefore, it is appropriate to issue sweat to relieve the symptoms and propagate the lung to calm asthma.
This formula can be used in all cases of fever, malignant wind-cold, headache, sweating, and slow pulse. If the evidence of Gui Zhi Tang is accompanied by asthma, it can be treated with Gui Zhi plus Hou Pu and Xing Zi Tang. Article 19 of the treatise: “For asthma, Gui Zhi plus Hou Pu and Apricot is good.” Article 43, “In Sun disease, those who have slight asthma under the table are not relieved, so Gui Zhi plus Hou Pu Xing Zi Tang is the main treatment.” The two articles are the same as the external typhoid cold table deficiency evidence and asthma, but Article 19 has cough and asthma, but also feel wind and cold, for the new feeling to lead the old disease; Article 43 is the external typhoid cold table deficiency evidence wrong down, lung Qi upward rebellion. Although the causes of the two cases are different, the symptoms and pathogenesis are the same, so [the treatment and prescription] are the same, and both use Gui Zhi Tang plus Hou Pu Apricot Soup. The formula is the same, both using Gui Zhi Tang to detoxify the muscles and dispel wind and harmonize the Ying and Wei, and adding Hou Pu and Almond to promote the lowering of lung qi, lowering qi and eliminating phlegm.
The main symptoms are: (1) the presence of water in the heart, (2) dryness and vomiting, (3) fever and cough, (4) thirst, (5) diarrhea, (6) choking, (7) unhealthy urination, (8) fullness of the abdomen, and (9) wheezing. Article 41 “Typhoid fever with watery qi under the heart, cough and slight asthma, fever without thirst, …… Xiao Qing Long Tang is the mainstay.” The above two articles are all evidence of external wind-cold and internal water-drinking. The manifestations are vicious cold, fever, headache, no sweating, coughing and wheezing, sputum and thin, white slippery tongue coating, and floating pulse. External cold and internal water-drink are fighting against each other and congesting the lung, and the lung loses its purification, resulting in coughing and wheezing. Therefore, Xiao Qing Long Tang is used to dissolve the table and dissolve the drinks to stop coughing and calm asthma.
2, vomit and rule the wind: “Typhoid” 171 “disease such as Gui Zhi evidence, the head does not hurt, the item is not strong, inch pulse floating, the chest is hard, gas up the throat can not rest, this is the chest has cold, when the vomit, appropriate Guati San.” Although this evidence is similar to that of Gui Zhi Tang, but the head is not painful and the item is not strong, it is different from that of Gui Zhi Tang, and the main evidence is that the chest is hard and the qi rushes up to the throat and cannot be rested, which is phlegm blocking the chest and diaphragm and the qi is not smooth. The Nei Jing says: “Its high, and thus crossed.” If the disease is in the upper jiao, we should use Gua Diao San to spit out the phlegm, after which the upper jiao will be cleared and the middle jiao will be smooth, then the effect will be very fast.
The following is a list of the most important factors in the treatment of wind
The main purpose of this treatment is to treat the symptoms of the disease. The “Yang Qi is trapped in the heart because of the hardness, it is the knotted chest, the large trapped chest soup is the main.” The large knotted chest is caused by the evil heat and water drink in the chest, water-heat knotted with each other, gas can not pass, so you can also see the shortage of lung gas unfavorable. The treatment should be to remove the heat and expel the water in the chest, so that the water-heat in the chest can be removed, and the lung qi can be cleared and the shortage of qi can be removed.
The first one is to take a look at the “Water Drinking” in the “Treatise on Typhoid”, Article 157: “…… its people? The first of these is a new one, which is a new one. The evidence of hanging drink is that water drink is stopped between the chest and the wakefulness, drink is yin, yin curbs yang, qi is stagnant, lung qi is unfavorable, therefore, shortage of breath is seen, which should be treated with ten jujube soup to remove water.
4. Harmonizing the Wind
▲ and reconciliation of Shaoyang: Article 98 of the Treatise on Typhoid: “…… exchange of cold and heat, bitter fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, hey not wanting to eat and drink, disturbed heart like vomiting …… or coughing, Xiao Chai Hu Tang is the main one.” Xiao Chai Hu Tang formula after the note cloud: “If cough, remove ginseng, jujube, ginger, add Wu Wei Zi half a liter, dry ginger two two.” Cheng Jiaoqian said: “cough, half of the table of cold into the lungs, so remove the ginseng dates, add five-flavored seeds, easy ginger for dry ginger, to warm” (“Typhoid Discourse after the article of identification”). You in the Jing said: “cough, lung cold gas rebellion also …… so add the sour of Wu Wei Zi to collect the rebellious gas, dry ginger warm to but the lung cold, ginseng dates sweet congestion is not conducive to rebellion, ginger pungent, but also evil its spread er” (Typhoid fever Guanzhu set). Therefore, typhoid fever evil in Shaoyang, the disease in the half of the table between the half, then to small Chai Hu Tang and reconciliation of Shaoyang for treatment. If there is also a cough with lung cold and Qi reversal, Xiao Chai Hu Tang is used to remove ginseng, jujube and ginger, and add Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang to reconcile Shao Yang and warm the lung to stop the cough.
It is also used to treat the symptoms of coughing, palpitations, urination, pain in the abdomen, or heavy discharge. After the formula note cloud: “For cough, add Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang.” This evidence is mainly due to the stagnation of liver qi and unrestrained qi, and the cough is also due to the rebellion of cold qi in the lung. Therefore, Si Yan San, together with Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang, is used to de-stress the liver and warm the lung to stop the cough.
5. Warming and treating wind
This formula is based on the following formula: “If a person has cough, or urinary convenience, or diarrhea, or vomiting, Zhen Wu Tang is the mainstay.” Note after the formula: “If the cough, add half a liter of Wu Wei Zi, Hosanna and dry ginger each 1 tael ……”. This evidence is Yang deficiency water flooding, Shao-Yin Yang deficiency water does not transform, and see abdominal pain and diarrhea, urinary inconvenience, heavy pain in the extremities, and sinking pulse. If water reverses upward and offends the lung, cough and asthma are seen. We use Zhen Wu Tang to warm Yang, transform Qi and move water, add Wu Wei Zi to astringent lung Qi, and Hsio Xin and Gan Jiang to lower water cold. This is to warm the Yang and promote water, to astringent the lung and dispel cold to stop coughing, and to treat the cough and asthma symptoms of Yang deficiency and water flooding, and water Qi rebellion in the lung.
It is also used to treat the symptoms of coughing and asthma caused by Yang deficiency and water flooding, and to dispel cold and dispel wind and dampness. This article belongs to the paralysis evidence of wind, cold and dampness invading the tendons, bones and joints, which is unfavorable to the Ying and Wei, and stagnation of Qi and blood. Because the evil is dominant in the interior, the three jiao are not conducive, and the lung qi is not propagated, so short breath is seen [clinical symptoms]. If the wind, cold, and dampness are removed, the three jiao can be cleared, and the lung qi can be promoted, then there will be no shortage of qi.
The main purpose of the treatment is to help the patient to get rid of the dampness.
The first step is to take the first step in the process of the treatment. Article 167: “After the downward sweating, one should not perform Gui Zhi Tang any more, and if one sweats and has asthma without great fever, one can combine it with Ephedra almond licorice gypsum soup.” The above two articles, for the sun disease sweating can not be law, or sweating too much, or the wrong use of the lower method, so that the evil heat is transmitted internally, heat congestion in the lungs, the lungs Division of respiration, heat is full of Qi rebellion, so asthma. In the treatise “no great heat”, it is because of sweating and heat discharge and the internal trapping of evil heat, and the table does not have great heat. The main reason for this is that the lung is full of heat and the lungs are full of heat, so the lung is cleared of heat with ephedra, almonds, licorice and gypsum soup.
This article is based on the following principles: (1) to clear heat and stop dysentery, and (2) to relieve the table. This article is a case of solar disease where the superficial evidence has not been resolved, and the misdiagnosis has led to the entry of evil heat into the lung and the trapping of evil into Yangming, thus manifesting as body heat, foul diarrhea, burning sensation in the anus, annoying heat in the chest and epigastrium, dry mouth and thirst, etc. [clinical symptoms]. The lung and large intestine are in close proximity to each other, and the heat inside the lung is so strong that it vaporizes upward in the lung, resulting in asthma, and outwardly in the body, resulting in sweating. If the heat in the intestine is cleared, the asthma can be cured.
V. Experimental and clinical exploration of asthma
Asthma is a disease with persistent, acute attacks characterized by dyspnea and croup in the larynx, equivalent to bronchial asthma and wheezing bronchitis in Western medicine. The treatment of croup in TCM has certain characteristics and advantages, and the theoretical research progress of TCM on this disease in recent years is reviewed as follows.
1. Asthma and Leigengtang
▲ Wang Changzheng and other scholars studied the effect and mechanism of Leigongteng methylin on airway reactivity in animal models of asthma. The study was carried out in guinea pigs with ovalbumin sensitization and excitation to form an animal model of asthma (asthma group). The airway responsiveness to histamine, the absolute eosinophil (Eos) count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the percentage of low density Eos (HEos), and the eosinophil activity in BALF were measured in the above two groups and the normal control group after the treatment of the asthma model with tretinoin (referred to as “tretinoin group”). eosinophil viability enhancing activity (EVEA) in BALF.