General treatment: Lifestyle changes should be used as the basic measure of treatment. Elevating the head of the bed by 15-20 cm is a simple and effective way to enhance acid clearance during sleep using gravity and reduce nocturnal reflux. Foods such as fat, chocolate, tea and coffee reduce LES pressure and appropriate restriction is advisable. Patients with GERD should abstain from smoking and alcohol. Avoiding a full stomach 3 hours before bedtime can also reduce nocturnal reflux. 25% of patients can improve their symptoms after changing the above habits. Patients with obesity and sleep apnea syndrome should be treated for their primary medical condition at the same time. Pharmacological treatment: If the symptoms of reflux cannot be improved by changing lifestyle, systematic pharmacological treatment should be started. 1. H2-blockers H2-blockers are the main drugs used in clinical treatment of GERD. These drugs compete with histamine for H2 receptors on gastric wall cells and bind to them to inhibit the acid secretion of histamine-stimulated wall cells and reduce gastric acid secretion, thus reducing the damaging effect of reflux on esophageal mucosa, relieving symptoms and promoting the healing of damaged esophageal mucosa. At present, there are four H2 receptor blockers widely used in clinical practice, namely cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine. 2, proton pump inhibitors Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) inhibit the proton pump in the gastric wall cells through non-competitive irreversible antagonism, producing a stronger and longer-lasting acid-suppressing effect than H2 receptor blockers. Currently, these drugs are commonly used in clinical practice, such as omeprazole, lansoprazole and Luoxin 3, prokinetic drugs Gastroesophageal reflux is a power disorder disease, there are often abnormal esophageal and gastric motility, H2RAS and PPI treatment is ineffective, can be applied prokinetic drugs. The efficacy of prokinetic drugs for GERS is similar to that of H2RAS, but they are significantly more effective than acid suppressants for those with symptoms of dysmotility such as abdominal distention and belching. For example, methotrexate, domperidone, cisapride, levosulpiride, erythromycin, etc. 4, mucosal protective agent thioglycollate as a local action agent, taking thioglycollate on the control of GERD symptoms and healing of esophagitis is similar to the efficacy of standard doses of H2RAS. However, it has also been suggested that aluminum thioglycollate is ineffective against GERD. Magnesium aluminum carbonate can bind refluxed bile acid, reduce its damage to the mucosa, and act as a physical barrier to adhere to the mucosal surface. Now has been widely used in clinical practice. 5, other drugs is now believed that TLESR is the main pathophysiological basis for reflux, many researchers are working to find drugs that can reduce TLESR for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux. Baclofen is expected to become an effective drug for the treatment of GERD. 6, combination therapy Acid suppressant treatment is ineffective, and patients with esophageal dynamics abnormalities confirmed by esophageal manometry can try prokinetic drugs combined with acid suppressant therapy. 2-3 grade esophagitis patients treated with cimetidine combined with cisapride, the relief of symptoms and healing of esophagitis are better than with cimetidine alone. 7. Treatment of complications: Common complications of GERD include esophageal stricture, esophageal ulcer, esophageal shortening and Barrett’s esophagus. For mild esophageal strictures, they can be improved by dietary restriction and pharmacological (PPI) treatment. Short-term simple strictures can be treated with Teflon dilators (e.g. Hurst-malonney) and, if necessary, stenting. Some patients may also undergo surgical anti-reflux surgery. Barrett’s esophagus is a serious complication of gastroesophageal reflux. Because of its potential for malignancy, endoscopic follow-up and biopsy should be performed for early detection of heterogeneous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. When patients have low grade heterogeneous hyperplasia, they can be treated with high dose PPI. Endoscopic laser, electrocoagulation, ion coagulation or even local esophagectomy is feasible in case of moderate to severe heterogeneous hyperplasia or nodular hyperplasia. 8.Surgical treatment: Anyone who is ineffective in long-term medication or needs lifelong medication, or who cannot tolerate dilatation, or who needs repeated dilatation can be considered for surgical operation. The advent of laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery has provided clinicians with a new surgical treatment method, and some clinicians have made laparoscopic surgery one of the preferred methods of anti-reflux surgery.