Patients with anxiety disorders often present with a variety of psychiatric anxiety symptoms or somatic anxiety symptoms (cardiovascular system, respiratory system, autonomic nervous system, etc.) and are co-morbid with a variety of somatic disorders, often seen in general hospitals. Patients with various somatic disorders, moreover, are at a high risk of developing secondary anxiety spectrum disorders. Therefore, for the treatment of patients with anxiety disorders in general hospitals, treatment goals, principles and strategies need to be in accordance with the recommendations and suggestions of the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of anxiety disorders. Patients with mild anxiety disorders can opt for psychotherapy, while patients with moderate to severe anxiety disorders need to consider pharmacotherapy or pharmacotherapy combined with psychotherapy. However, the pharmacological treatment of patients with anxiety disorders in general hospitals also needs to take into account the impact of the patients’ co-morbidities, the therapeutic medications they take, and the individualized characteristics of the patients (e.g., age, physical condition, etc.) on the efficacy of the anxiety disorders and the anti-anxiety medications. The pharmacological treatment of patients with anxiety disorders in general hospitals, again, needs to be started as early as possible, with the main goals of treatment being to reduce symptoms of anxiety, to reduce disability and distress, and to contribute to the treatment of somatic disorders that can improve the patient’s health-related quality of life. A number of neurobiological, neurodevelopmental and psychosocial factors influence the development of anxiety disorders, so before selecting a treatment medication, the patient’s somatic condition, personality traits, negative life events and the treatment medication received are evaluated and the treatment with the best possible efficacy and least adverse effects is preferred, and the patient’s willingness to accept other medications (e.g. psychotherapy) needs to be assessed before treatment. Secondly it is important that before prescribing therapeutic medications, physicians should be aware of possible interactions between medications for anxiety and these medications for somatic disorders (both pharmacokinetic process and pharmacodynamic process interactions). In addition, some psychological treatments can help improve symptoms in patients with anxiety disorders, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques that can also improve negative perceptions in patients with somatic disorders and the impact of these negative perceptions on the patient, as these negative perceptions often worsen the anxiety disorder. The combination of appropriate psychotherapeutic strategies based on assessment can significantly improve the prognosis of patients. In addition, treatment of patients with anxiety disorders in general hospitals requires, in some cases, referral of patients to psychiatric specialties for specialized help. Anxiety disorders are also common mental disorders in older individuals, and elderly patients with anxiety disorders, because of their specific somatic conditions, receive anxiolytic medication with certain specificities and corresponding precautions in treatment.