Children’s nutrition is the process of growth and development, children need to obtain nutrients from food to repair old tissues, proliferate new tissues, produce energy and maintain physiological activities. Children’s needs for various nutrients are different from those of adults, and there are differences among age groups. The following is an introduction to the nutrient needs of children. 1.Vitamins play a very important role in children’s growth and development, and are essential for maintaining normal metabolic activities of the body. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized in the body or are inadequately synthesized and must be taken from food (see vitamins), such as vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacin, vitamin B12, vitamin C, folic acid, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K. 2, sugar (carbohydrates) The main food sources are fruits, dairy, potatoes, beans, sucrose, maltose, monosaccharides Infants within 1 year of age need about 12g per kg of body weight per day, and over 2 years of age need 10g. The calorie supply of sugar in the diet of infants and children accounts for about 35-60% of the total calorie requirement. Excessive sugar intake can lead to obesity. 3, minerals and trace elements have an important physiological role in the growth and development of children, is an indispensable nutrient. The elements closely related to children’s nutrition are copper, phosphorus, iron, sodium, calcium, potassium, chlorine, zinc, iodine, magnesium, etc. 4, water Pediatric period body fluids are relatively more than adults, the younger the relative more, the total body fluids of newborns accounted for about 80% of body weight, infants accounted for about 70%, school-age children accounted for about 65%, while adults accounted for 60%. The younger the child is, the more water he or she needs. 110-150ml of water per kilogram of body weight per day is needed in infancy, about 90-110ml in preschool, 70-85ml in school-age, and 50-60ml in 13 years of age or older. if infants and children take in less than 60ml/kg of water per day, symptoms of dehydration can occur. Water is obtained from water in drinking water and food and water produced by oxidation of food and metabolism of tissue cells, and is distributed in the plasma area, interstitial area (including lymphatic fluid) and cellular area of the body. Water is mainly excreted by the kidneys about 50-60%, lungs and skin about 33%, by the digestive tract about 6-10% below, 0.5-3% remain in the body. 5.Fat The daily amount of fat needed by infants is 1~4g/kg, and about 3g/kg for children over 6 years old. fat provides about 35% of the total daily calories. Fat is supplied by food, meat, fish, dairy, lard, egg yolk, cream, liver, cod liver oil, vegetable oil, etc. are all sources of fat. Vegetable oil contains essential unsaturated fatty acids, which are beneficial to people. 6, protein Protein is the main component of the body’s cellular plasma and body fluids, second only to water, plays a key role in the healthy growth of infants and children. Infants who are breastfed need 2.0g of protein per kilogram of body weight per day, and those who are cow’s milk fed need 3.5g, because the value of cow’s milk protein is slightly worse than that of human milk. The calories supplied by protein account for about 8-15% of the total daily calories.