1. Preoperative care: In addition to general preoperative preparation (1) Remove factors of increased intra-abdominal pressure: Observe whether there are factors of increased intra-abdominal pressure such as cough, constipation, difficulty in urination, etc. The above conditions should be treated accordingly before surgery, except for emergency surgery. The patient should be operated only after improvement to avoid recurrence of postoperative hernia, and those who have smoked should be advised to quit smoking. (2) Strict implementation of skin preparation: once the incision is infected, it can lead to surgical failure. The skin of the surgical area should be cleaned and prepared before surgery. For patients with femoral or inguinal hernia, the pubic hair should be shaved and the skin should not be shaved. (3) Promote hernia block retraction: for patients with giant hernia, they should be bedridden for several days before surgery to retract the contents and relax the local tissues to facilitate wound healing. (4) Maintain fluid balance: Patients with incarcerated or strangulated hernias are often accompanied by acute intestinal obstruction, which can lead to water-electrolyte acid-base imbalance and should be corrected in time. (5) Gastrointestinal care: For patients with incarcerated or strangulated hernia, they should fast before surgery. If abdominal distention and vomiting are obvious, a gastrointestinal decompression tube should be placed before surgery to reduce abdominal distention and intestinal toxin absorption. To prevent aspiration pneumonia caused by vomiting. 2, postoperative care: take a flat position with both lower limbs slightly flexed, N fossa padded with soft pillows to ease wound tension and reduce abdominal pressure, while using small sand bags to compress the wound for 24h, especially when crying, coughing and vomiting. It is not advisable to prematurely use semi-recumbent position and activities away from bed to avoid increasing intra-abdominal pressure in the lower abdomen and affecting the healing of the surgical repair site, and generally start bed activities 1-2 days after surgery and leave bed activities after about 1W. (2) 6h after surgery can eat, perform intestinal resection intestinal anastomosis, postoperative must fast until the recovery of intestinal function, and supply nutrition by intravenous. (3) Prevent wound hematoma: After inguinal hernia surgery, it is advisable to hold the scrotum with a scrotal brace or “d” tape to prevent scrotal hematoma. (4) Keep the dressing clean and dry: If the dressing is found to be detached or contaminated, it should be changed in time to avoid infection of the incision, especially for infants and young children, care should be strengthened. (5) Prevent the increase of intra-abdominal pressure: This is an important measure to prevent the recurrence of hernia. After surgery, pay attention to keep warm to avoid getting cold and coughing, and if there is coughing, in addition to medication, the patient should be asked to catch the wound with hands. (6) Observation of condition: ① Observe whether there is bleeding and hematoma in the incision and scrotum ② The incision is prone to infection after strangulated hernia surgery, and peritonitis or abdominal abscess may also occur when intestinal resection and intestinal anastomosis are performed at the same time, so close attention should be paid to the wound, abdominal condition and temperature change.