A hernia, commonly known as a “small intestine”, is a defect in the abdominal wall of the human body for various reasons, in which the tissues or organs of the abdominal cavity protrude into the abdominal cavity. The most common type is hiatal hernia, which is a congenital defect in the abdominal wall through which the intestinal canal protrudes from the abdominal cavity, the “inguinal canal”, and manifests itself as a reversible inguinal mass. In adults, if a repeatable inguinal mass is diagnosed by a doctor as a hernia, it must be completely cured by surgery. If left untreated, the intestinal canal entering the hernia sac may become entrapped, resulting in intestinal necrosis or intestinal perforation, which may be life-threatening. The incidence of hiatal hernia has increased in elderly patients, but hiatal hernia is still the most common. If left untreated, it can easily lead to serious complications. The clinical manifestations of hernia include: reducible hernia – a reducible mass that starts small and only appears when the patient stands, works, walks, runs, coughs violently or when the child cries, and the mass retracts and disappears on its own when lying down or when pressed by hand. There is no special discomfort and only occasional localized swelling and involvement pain. Sliding hiatal hernia – a large, difficult to retract hernia that cannot be completely retracted. The cecum that slips out of the abdominal cavity often adheres to the anterior wall of the hernia sac. In addition to incomplete retraction of the mass, symptoms such as dyspepsia and constipation are also present. Incarcerated hernia – occurs when there is a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as during labor or defecation, and is usually a hiatal hernia. It is characterized by a sudden increase in the size of the hernia mass and is associated with significant pain. The mass cannot be retracted by lying down or pushing it by hand. The mass is tense and hard with marked tenderness. Strangulated hernia – developed as an incarcerated hernia, with intestinal wall herniation, hematoma and necrosis, persistent severe abdominal pain, frequent vomiting, vomit containing coffee-like blood or bloody stool; asymmetric abdominal distension, signs of peritoneal irritation, diminished or absent bowel sounds; hemorrhagic fluid on abdominal puncture or lavage; isolated distended intestinal mix or tumor-like shadow on X-ray; temperature, pulse rate, white blood cell count gradually The temperature, pulse rate, and white blood cell count rise gradually, and even signs of shock appear. The current surgical methods for ventral hernia include traditional hernia repair, tension-free hernia repair, and laparoscopic hernia repair. Conventional hernia repair is performed by high ligation of the hernia sac and repair of the defect using overlapping sutures of human tissue adjacent to the abdominal wall defect. Tension-free hernia repair uses an artificial patch to repair the abdominal wall defect, which has the advantages of simple surgery, reliable results, low recurrence rate, and little postoperative discomfort for the patient, and has largely replaced traditional hernia repair. Laparoscopic hernia repair uses an artificial patch to repair the abdominal wall defect through the laparoscope on the inner wall of the abdominal wall defect. It has the advantages of tension-free hernia repair with more reliable results, smaller surgical incisions, and the ability to repair multiple defects at the same time.