Cerebral infarction and cerebral thrombosis are commonly thought of as the same concept in life, and are different terms for the same disease. However, in terms of pathogenesis, cerebral infarction is broader in scope and includes cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism. Cerebral thrombosis is caused by narrowing of the artery and the gradual formation of a thrombus in the lumen that eventually blocks the artery. Cerebral embolism, on the other hand, is caused by the blockage of an artery by an abnormal substance in the blood stream called an embolus. Both cause the same result, narrowing the official lumen of the blood vessel and blocking the cerebral blood supply, thus causing necrosis of brain cells and producing the corresponding symptoms, which are also difficult to distinguish completely in clinical practice. Although the consequences of cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism are the same, there are still some differences in treatment and prevention. For example, cerebral thrombosis, or cerebral infarction caused by atherosclerosis of large arteries can be treated with thrombolytic therapy at an ultra early stage, while cardiogenic embolism requires the implementation of an anticoagulation program. Therefore, it is still necessary to distinguish cerebral thrombosis from cerebral embolism and to clarify the origin of the thrombus. Currently, with the continuous advancement of imaging technology, the technology of endovascular treatment is also maturing, providing more effective options for the treatment of cerebral infarction. However, brain cells are fragile and have a very poor resistance to ischemia, and irreversible damage will occur if ischemia occurs after 6 hours. Therefore, if lesions are found, it is hard to seek medical treatment early. Therefore, cerebral infarction includes cerebral embolism and cerebral thrombosis. Although there is no difference between the symptom expression of the two, the treatment and prevention should be based on different etiologies with corresponding treatment plans.