Renal cysts are a relatively common disease of the kidney and are benign lesions of the kidney. The cysts vary in size and are usually asymptomatic. There is no significant difference in the treatment of renal cysts in men and women. The treatment of female renal cysts needs to be decided based on the size of the cyst and whether there is significant compression of the urinary system, leading to obstruction. If the diameter of kidney cyst is less than 5cm, there is no obvious pressure on the urinary system, no compression of the renal pelvis causing hydronephrosis, no special treatment is needed, and it is enough to review the kidney ultrasound every 3-6 months to understand the change of cyst size. However, if the diameter of the cyst exceeds 5cm, it will compress the kidney tissue and affect the kidney function, so it is recommended to operate as soon as possible to relieve the compression on the kidney. At present, laparoscopic decompression surgery for kidney cysts is often used, which is less invasive and quicker to recover. In addition, patients who cannot tolerate surgical treatment can be treated with cyst puncture and fluid extraction, but it is easy to recur.