Renal cysts are cystic masses of varying sizes in the kidneys that are not connected to the outside world, and the cysts are filled with yellowish transparent fluid. Clinically, renal cysts can be divided into three categories: simple renal cysts, acquired renal cysts, and adult-type polycystic kidney. In general, when the size of kidney cysts is not large, the patients do not feel any abnormalities in the body, mostly in the routine physical examination by chance, in the face of renal cysts, the vast majority of renal cysts patients will panic: kidney cysts, this is serious? Do you need treatment? Simple renal cysts usually develop slowly and do not affect renal function. When the number of cysts is small, the volume is small, and there are no other abnormal symptoms, doctors usually advocate that patients should undergo regular testing, close observation, and do not need special treatment. However, this kind of kidney cyst patients can not relax vigilance, ignore the lesions, must pay attention to, even if at this moment do not need to treat, but can do a good job to prevent suffering from the preparatory work. If a single renal cyst is more than 5 centimeters, and clinical symptoms have appeared, we must eliminate the cyst, there are three main methods of treatment: 1, ultrasound localization puncture, the advantage is less traumatic, the disadvantage is that the recurrence rate is high. 2, open decortication surgery, the effect is reliable, the disadvantage is trauma, complications, hospitalization time is long, high cost. 3.Laparoscopic decapitation and decompression surgery has the advantages of minimally invasive, reliable effect, few complications and low recurrence rate. Adult polycystic kidney is mostly bilateral polycystic cysts, often with a family history of congenital hereditary kidney disease. Symptoms usually appear at the age of 35-45, and may include low back pain, hematuria, proteinuria, nocturia, hypertension, heart failure, and may be complicated by urinary tract infection, stones, obstruction and retroperitoneal hemorrhage, and a few may have malignant changes. In general, along with the appearance of these polycystic kidney symptoms, the patient’s condition is also more to the clinical deterioration of the progressive stage, once discovered, it is best to timely and effective standardized treatment, to prevent the cysts continue to grow, accelerating the damage of renal function. When combined with kidney stones, according to the location and size of the stones, treatment according to the principle of urinary tract stone treatment. If combined with hypertension, antihypertensive drugs should be applied and sodium intake should be restricted. If polycystic kidney progresses to uremia, dialysis or kidney transplantation can be performed.