Cranial defect is one of the more common sequelae of craniocerebral injury patients after injury and surgery, not only will cause great impact on the external image of the person, and the brain tissue due to the loss of the normal cranial barrier protection is very easy to suffer from secondary injuries, but also may cause a variety of complications, so patients usually undergo cranial bone repair surgery. However, the question of when it is appropriate to perform cranial repair has become a major concern for many patients. The treatment for cranial defects is cranial bone repair, but for the choice of the timing of the operation, most scholars believe that cranial bone repair should be carried out as early as possible, and cranial bone repair molding can be carried out when the intracranial pressure is not high after 1-3 months. However, the timing of cranial defect repair should depend on the specific condition of the patient, but also need to carefully consider the indications and contraindications, and must ensure the safety of the patient under the premise of the implementation of cranial bone repair surgery. The indications for cranial defect surgery are: a, cranial defect diameter of more than 3 centimeters, no muscle coverage, no contraindications; b, patients with cranial defect sites are more obvious, such as the forehead, which is not only an obstacle to the aesthetics, but also detrimental to the safety; c, due to the cranial defect caused by long-term dizziness, headache, memory loss and other symptoms are difficult to alleviate; d, meningo-brain scarring accompanied by epilepsy (concurrent resection of epileptic foci is required). e. Patients with severe mental burden or manifestations of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, etc., which seriously affect their normal work and life. Meanwhile, patients with incomplete initial debridement, localized infection, intracranial lesions and increased intracranial pressure should not undergo cranial repair surgery. In addition, some of the poor physical condition, serious nerve defects, can not take care of their own life; or defective area of the scalp thin with a large scar, do not rush to repair, can be covered with a partial helmet for temporary protection, until the conditions are ripe to consider cranial bone repair surgery. After the patient for cranial bone repair, the intracranial environment will be gradually improved and restored, not only can effectively solve the patient’s external image and make up for the mechanical safety and protection of brain tissue, but also significantly improve its brain function, or disorder and other anomalous problems. Experts suggest that for patients with severe cranial defects, it will not only lead to various health problems, but also lead to various psychological disorders due to the patients’ prolonged uneasiness and burden of thoughts. And the longer the cranial defect, the higher the incidence of cranial defect syndrome and secondary brain damage, therefore, patients should be based on their own specific circumstances and early cranial bone repair surgery.