The macula is a structure on the retina in the fundus of the eye, and is the location of the clearest vision. When the neuroepithelial layer of the macula is restrictedly missing in its entirety, it is called macular fissure, which can manifest as distorted vision, dark spot or absence in the central part of the vision, and sudden loss of vision in the affected eye. Idiopathic macular fissure is more common in elderly women, and the treatment methods are as follows: Idiopathic macular fissure can cause vision loss, and for those with fast progressing macular fissure and progressive vision loss, surgery is required. The surgical method of idiopathic macular fissure currently uses vitrectomy combined with intraretinal membrane peeling to induce closure of the macular fissure. The procedure is completed by filling the eye with sterile air or long-lasting gas. Unlike idiopathic macular fissure, which rarely occurs in retinal detachment, macular fissure in highly myopic patients is often combined with retinal detachment, which results in rapid vision loss and serious curtain-like occlusion, and once it occurs, it needs to be treated by surgery as soon as possible, and is currently treated by vitrectomy combined with long-acting gas or silicone oil filling. Macular fissure seriously affects the central visual function of the affected eye, and idiopathic macular fissure can occur in the elderly due to age factor, and the more serious condition is treated by vitrectomy combined with inner boundary membrane peeling, while macular fissure in highly myopic patients is often combined with retinal detachment, and the disease development characteristics are different from idiopathic macular fissure, and vitrectomy combined with intraocular long-acting gas or silicone oil filling is mostly used to make the detached retina The disease development is different from that of idiopathic macular fissure.