Bladder cancer occurs by the same mechanism as most other tumors and is a complex, multifactorial, multi-step pathological process with both intrinsic genetic and extrinsic environmental factors. Epidemiological evidence shows that chemical carcinogens are the main causative factors for bladder cancer, especially aromatic amines, which are widely found in tobacco and various chemical industries. The two major risk factors that are clearly identified are smoking and long-term exposure to industrial chemicals.
According to the literature, 30%-50% of bladder cancer is caused by smoking, which can increase the risk rate of bladder cancer by 2-4 times, and the risk rate is proportional to the amount and time of smoking.
2, long-term exposure to industrial chemical products As early as the end of the 19th century, the German Rehn in the dye industry workers were found to have bladder cancer. In China, Tibetan Mobil and others found that 30 of 1796 benzidine workers suffered from bladder cancer. Compared with the general public in Shanghai, the incidence of bladder cancer among benzidine workers is about 25 times higher, and its incubation period is 21, 2 years on average. Epidemiological studies have shown that 20% of bladder cancers are caused by occupational factors, including those engaged in textiles, dye manufacturing, rubber chemistry, pharmaceutical preparations, pesticide production, paint, leather and aluminum, iron and steel production.
3.Heredity The occurrence of bladder cancer may be related to heredity. The risk of bladder cancer increases significantly in those with family history of bladder cancer, and the incidence of bladder cancer increases significantly in patients with hereditary retinoblastoma.
4.Other possible causative factors are long-term chronic infection, application of chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide (latency period is 6-13 years), abuse of painkillers containing finasteride (more than 10 years), recent and long-term history of pelvic radiotherapy, long-term consumption of water with high arsenic content and chlorine disinfected water, etc.