Mediastinal lesions include mediastinal tumors (benign and malignant), cysts, acute and chronic mediastinitis, mediastinal hernia, and mediastinal emphysema. The first priority for acute mediastinitis is to treat the cause, control infection and supportive therapy (blood, fluid and oxygen transfusion). In chronic mediastinitis with severe superior vena cava obstruction, surgical procedures to establish collateral circulation and vascular bypass are required. The treatment of mediastinal hernia is mainly to treat the primary disease and remove the cause, which can make the mediastinal hernia recover quickly. If the mediastinal emphysema has only a small amount of gas, it may disappear without treatment. In heavy cases, the cause is also treated (e.g., trauma, emphysema, ruptured alveoli, etc.). If the gas absorption is slow and causes breathing difficulties or affects the patient’s pronunciation, an incision on the sternotomy can be made to reach the subcutaneous tissue for venting. Patients with mediastinal lesions are advised to eat foods that nourish Yin and moisten the lungs; foods that nourish the lungs; easily digestible or semi-liquid foods with high calories, high vitamins and high protein; light, liquid and soft foods; foods rich in calcium and iron. The following foods are recommended to be eaten in moderation: 1. Oats contain carbohydrates, protein (containing all the essential amino acids), fat and a large amount of plant fiber, vitamin B1 and vitamin B12, a small amount of vitamin E, minerals, riboflavin and saponin. Oatmeal: ready-to-eat type with boiling water or cooked with milk, can be consumed. 2, zucchini Zucchini has the function of clearing heat and diuretic, removing annoyance and thirst, moistening the lungs and relieving cough, reducing swelling and dissipating knots. It should not be overcooked when cooking to avoid nutritional loss. 3, mutton Mutton is rich in protein. Put the radish pieces and lamb together in the pot, half an hour later remove the radish pieces, such as put a few pieces of orange peel better.