The formula for calculating the hypertonic state of diabetes is (Na ion + K ion) x 2 + plasma glucose level + urea nitrogen level, the calculated value, the normal value is 280-310mOsm/L, if >310mOsm/L, its hypertonic, patients with diabetes hypertonic state plasma osmolality level more than 330mOsm/L. Hyperglycemic hypertonic state is the more serious of the acute complications of diabetes. The diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolarity requires active rehydration, glucose lowering and symptomatic treatment.