Arthroscopic surgery is a major advancement in minimally invasive surgery in the field of orthopedics and is the development direction of joint surgery. It has been gradually used in clinical practice since the 1970s abroad and was introduced in China in the 1980s. In recent years, with the development of medical knowledge and the continuous improvement of medical equipment, arthroscopic surgery has been accepted by more and more doctors and patients with its remarkable advantages. Arthroscopy is the crystallization of modern technology, which consists of lenses, light sources, monitors, microscopic surgical instruments, shaving systems, etc. New technologies such as radiofrequency vaporization and lasers have also been widely used in arthroscopic surgery in recent years. When doing arthroscopic surgery, only water is needed to dilate the joint, and the surgeon makes two to three incisions less than 1 cm long around the corresponding joint, and puts the arthroscope into the joint through one of the incisions, and the arthroscope is connected to the monitor through wires, so that the situation inside the joint can be displayed very clearly, and the impact of the lesion on the joint can also be dynamically observed, and the surgeon can make a clear At the same time, surgical instruments can be inserted through a separate incision to treat the lesions in the joint, such as removing swollen synovial membranes, removing bone fragments that affect joint movement, suturing torn menisci, reconstructing intra-articular ligaments, and transplanting cartilage. It can be seen that arthroscopic surgery, like other endoscopic surgeries, does not require extensive exposure of the joint, so it is naturally less invasive than incisional surgery, less bleeding, much less painful, less complications, quicker recovery, earlier release from bed, significantly shorter hospital stay, and correspondingly less hospitalization costs. Moreover, the small incision also eliminates the fear of postoperative scarring for many patients, especially female patients, and makes them more receptive to surgical treatment. In addition, because of the short hospital stay, it can solve the difficulties of many young and middle-aged patients who are busy at work and do not have time for treatment, and can even take advantage of long holidays such as the National Day to receive treatment and have a recovery holiday. Arthroscopy has a wide range of applications. Arthroscopic surgery can be performed on large joints such as hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, wrist, and even finger joints. It can be used for both diagnosis and treatment; it can treat both chronic diseases such as arthritis and acute trauma such as fractures; it can also be used for extra-articular procedures, such as taking internal fixation. At present, the most applied arthroscopic treatment is for the knee and shoulder joints, and osteoarthritis, joint free bodies, meniscal injuries, and frozen shoulder are the most common indications. As the standard of living of the general public has improved, sports have become part of daily life, and sports injuries are becoming more and more frequent, arthroscopy is also promising in this regard. China has entered an aging society, and it is the wish of every one of us to care for the elderly and let them enjoy their old age peacefully. However, diseases such as knee osteoarthritis and frozen shoulder have caused great pain to many elderly people and added a great burden to their families. Arthroscopic surgery is an effective method for treating these diseases, which can significantly reduce patients’ pain and improve joint function. Therefore, arthroscopic technology will definitely have a broad development prospect for the benefit of the general public.
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