When it comes to chemical poisoning, the first thing that comes to mind for many people is the high-fluoride drinking water leading to fluorosis, chlorine leakage, etc., which are seen on TV as “field news”. In fact, with the development of science and technology, chemical supplies are increasingly becoming indispensable in our lives, so chemical poisoning from each of us is not far away: cosmetic mercury exceeds the standard, too much pesticide residues in vegetables, building materials, decoration gas, etc., chemical supplies in the benefit of our lives at the same time, but also a serious threat to our health. 1, laundry detergent: including laundry detergent and laundry detergent, its main component is a variety of anionic surfactants, such as sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and non-ionic surfactants, such as ethylene oxide. In addition, it also contains inorganic salt additives such as sodium tripolyphosphate and organic additives such as carboxymethyl cellulose. Most of the ingredients contained in laundry detergents are low or non-toxic substances. General skin contact has no significant toxic effects on the human body. However, enzyme additives can cause asthma and skin irritation in sensitive individuals. The main hazards of laundry detergents to humans are accidental ingestion by curious children and splashing in the eyes. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms can occur after oral ingestion of large amounts of laundry detergent. Contact of eyes and mucous membranes with highly concentrated solutions can produce irritation. Some contacts may cause skin allergy or asthma. Preventive measures: After skin contact with highly concentrated laundry detergent solution, rinse with water promptly to avoid splashing highly concentrated laundry detergent into the eyes. Splash into the eyes should be promptly rinsed with water, rinsing time of not less than 10 minutes. If there is shyness and photophobia should go to the hospital with fluorescein on the cornea staining, check the cornea damage. Accidental ingestion of milk or warm water, no need to induce vomiting. 2, bleach: the main component of bleach is sodium hypochlorite, 3% to 6% of sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for bleaching solution. Bleach can also be made into tablets and powder, respectively called disinfectant tablets and bleaching powder. Bleach has a corrosive effect on the mucous membranes of the skin, and its solution releases a large amount of hypochlorous acid in the stomach when it comes into contact with gastric acid, the latter of which is a major irritant to the mucous membranes. After skin contact, local redness, swelling and itching will occur. Accidental ingestion of bleach can cause corrosion of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, abdominal pain and vomiting, and can cause a drop in blood pressure, delirium and coma. Preventive measures: let the patient drink milk or egg white as soon as possible, also can use activated charcoal. Serious symptoms to the hospital. 3, fabric softener: it is a cationic surfactant class, the main component of the double stearin sulfate methyl imidazoline and so on. Fabric softener toxicity is low, there are local irritation. It has a certain degree of corrosiveness to the oral cavity, esophagus and digestive tract, vomiting and weakness of the limbs can occur after accidental ingestion. Preventive measures: skin, mucous membranes contaminated with a high concentration of fabric softener, can be washed with soap and water, after washing with water to wash away the residual soap. Misuse can be given milk or activated charcoal, serious symptoms to the hospital. 4, kitchen and toilet cleaner: daily life commonly used in the kitchen and toilet cleaner: toilet bowl cleaner, toilet bowl cleaner, go to the oil net and so on. Its main ingredients are acids, surfactants and disinfectants. They have a corrosive effect on the eyes and skin mucosa. Oral consumption can cause damage to the oral mucosa, digestive tract and gastric mucosa. Serious cases can cause gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation. Skin contact for a certain period of time after the appearance of severe pain, the contact area is yellowish. Splash into the eyes can produce conjunctival edema and corneal damage, inhalation of fumes can cause headache, dizziness, cough, chest tightness and difficulty in breathing. Accidental ingestion causes severe burning pain in the mouth, throat and abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, with vomit mixed with dark black blood. In addition, gastrointestinal bleeding, shock and other serious illnesses may occur. Preventive measures: In case of skin contact, immediately rinse the skin with water for at least 15 minutes. Clothing contamination should be immediately removed from clothing, and direct water: wash the contaminated parts of the clothing. In case of splashing into the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, and keep the eyelids apart while rinsing. For oral ingestion, 1000 ml of water or large quantities of milk can be taken orally at one time if it takes less than 10 minutes, but if the oral ingestion time has exceeded 10 minutes, no liquid can be consumed. Vomiting should not be induced, because the acidic liquid refluxed during inducing vomiting will corrode the esophagus and throat. For those who are conscious, they may be allowed to rinse their mouth with water and spit it out. For those who have a burning sensation or other symptoms of poisoning, go to the hospital immediately. 5, tableware, fruit and vegetable detergents: tableware, fruit and vegetable detergents on the market a wide range of products, such products are divided into two main categories according to the composition, a type of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate as a surfactant synthetic detergent spirit, the other is to polyglucoside and other surfactants for the surfactant of natural plant oils and fats type detergent spirit. Generally, these products are not toxic to humans. Especially the natural plant-based detergent is a non-toxic and non-polluting green product. Prolonged exposure of skin and mucous membranes to high concentrations of detergents may cause some irritation. A large amount of accidental ingestion can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, mostly accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Preventive measures: The correct way to use synthetic detergent is to add several drops to dozens of drops of synthetic detergent in water at about 40℃ according to the amount of washed objects and the situation of grease and dirt remaining on the tableware. When rinsing with water, be sure to use a rag to scrub again (especially when washing fruits) to minimize the residue on the tableware, which generally needs to be rinsed with water 3 to 4 times. Natural plant-based detergent can be rinsed with water, especially suitable for washing vegetables and fruits. After splashing into the eyes, rinse with water promptly. Misuse can be served with milk or warm water, no need to induce vomiting. 6, hair conditioner: its main component is cationic surfactant. Conditioner in the concentration of cationic active agent more than 0.5%, the mucous membrane has obvious stimulating effect, 10% of the esophagus and mucous membrane corrosive effect, 20% can lead to digestive perforation and peritonitis. Oral absorption can cause central nervous system symptoms. Misuse can appear vomiting, weakness of the limbs, serious cases can be coma. Preventive measures: first wash with soapy water, and then wash away the residual soap with water. Misuse can be served activated charcoal or milk, the symptoms of poisoning to the hospital. 7, prickly heat powder: its main ingredients are talcum powder, menthol, flavor agent. After eating a large amount of menthol or inhaling a large amount of menthol gas, it can be poisoned. Mainly in the digestive system and central nervous system; local stimulation, there are also allergic reactions occur. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, numbness of hands and feet, lethargy, slowing down of the whistle, facial flushing after accidental ingestion. Coma may occur in children after ingestion of large doses. In infants, after a large amount of contact with articles containing high concentration of peppermint, bruising and asphyxiation may occur, secretion of a large amount of mucus, in severe cases, it may lead to respiratory and cardiac arrest, and allergic skin allergic inflammation manifestations in allergy. Preventive measures: Immediately take oral emetic drugs or artificial vomiting. Allergic people immediately stop using the goods, available anti-allergy drugs for symptomatic treatment. People with symptoms of poisoning should go to the hospital for treatment in time.