Rehabilitation guidance for lumbar disc herniation: (1) Lumbar disc herniation occurs mostly in young and middle-aged people, so attention should be paid to early prevention, and the first onset should be treated thoroughly. (2) Instruct patients to correct poor posture and adopt correct sitting, standing, walking and lying posture from the perspective of biomechanics. If sitting, keep the upper body upright, prevent the upper body from leaning too far forward or stretching too far backward, put a small soft cushion on the back of the waist, and put a footstool on both feet to keep the back straight and unbent. When standing and walking, the abdomen should be tightened and the chest should be lifted to keep the body in balance so that the pressure on the lumbar intervertebral discs, muscles and small joints is minimized. The posture of the lying position is the same as hospitalization. (3) Attention should be paid to protection in daily life, work and study, and strive to meet the requirements of human biomechanics. For example, if you bend over to pick up things, try to keep your upper body upright, in the order of bending the knees, bending the hips and bending the waist to reduce the range of motion of the waist. Carry large items as far as possible using the push method to reduce the load on the lumbar spine. (4) Lumbar muscle exercise. Teach the patient to do medical gymnastics for lumbar muscle exercise, back walking and other exercise methods once or twice a day for 20 min. to enhance the strength of the lumbar back muscles and promote blood circulation in the lumbar back. The lumbar activities should be gradual. (5) Patients should choose appropriate shoes, with a heel of 75px as the best. (6) Maintain a good mental state. (7) Instruct patients to quit smoking because smoking affects the blood circulation of the nucleus pulposus and delays the healing of the injury. Recumbent medical gymnastics for lumbar disc herniation Section 1: Fist clenching and elbow flexion and ankle flexion exercise. Prepared posture: patient in supine position, both legs naturally straight, both arms on the side of the body. Action: ① Make a fist with both hands and flex both elbow joints and ankle joints at the same time. ②Restore to the preparatory position. Repeat 12 to 16 times. Section 2: alternate flexion and extension of the legs. Preparation posture: the same as section 1. Movements: ① left leg bending knee up (as close to the abdomen as possible). ② Return to the preparatory position. ③ to ④ as ① to ②, but the left and right legs are exchanged. Repeat left and right 6-8 times each. Section 3: Head-up and chest-up exercise. Preparatory posture: patient supine, both hands clenched fist flexed elbow on the side of the body. Action: ① lower limbs fixed, chest up, head tilted back. ② Restore to the preparatory position. Repeat 12 to 16 times. Section 4: straight-legged hip lift exercise. Preparatory posture: similar to section 1, but both feet hooked up. Movements: two knees straight, the use of lumbar muscle strength left and right alternately upward lifting the hips, for the shape of the step movement. Repeat 12 to 16 times. Section 5: straight leg forward flexion and back extension exercise. Prepared position: patient lying on the left side, right hand holding the bed, right leg straight up, left leg slightly flexed at the bottom. Movements: ① right straight leg forward flexion, then force backward extension, raise the waist and head. ② Restore to the preparatory position. Repeat 6 to 8 times. And then right side lying position, the same ① ~ ②, repeat the movement of the left leg 6 ~ 8 times. Section 6: Single straight leg posterior upward movement. Prepared position: patient in prone position with both arms and legs naturally straight. Action: ① Straighten the left lower limb and lift it backward as far as possible. ② Return to the preparatory position. ③～④Same as ①～②, but lift the right lower limb backward. Alternate between left and right, repeat 6 to 8 times each. Section 7: Prone exercise. Preparatory posture: patient prone position, both elbows flexed, both hands placed in front of the chest according to the bed, both legs naturally straight. Movements: ① two elbows straight up, while the upper body lifted backwards, chest up. ② restore into a preparatory position, repeat 12 to 16 times. Section 8: “boat-shaped” exercise. Prepared position: patient prone, both arms straight at the side of the body. Movements: ① straighten both arms and both lower limbs and lift them backward at the same time, while raising the chest and head. ②Restore to the preparatory position. Repeat 12 to 16 times. Section 9: Voluptuous thoracic propping exercise. Prepared position: the patient sits back at the hips, kneeling on the bed, with both hands propped up in front. Movements: ① flex the arms, upper body as prone as possible on the bed and move forward, then both arms straight up. ② Restore to the preparatory position and repeat 12-16 times. In this set of medical gymnastics, it should be noted that: (1) the beginning of the exercise, first do the above section of 1/3, gradually increase after adaptation, until the completion of the whole set of movements. (2) exercise, each section of the exercise should be a moment of rest time. Each section of the number of repetitions should be less to more, gradually increase. Action should be slightly slower. (3) exercise allows mild pain, but there should not be severe pain. At the same time should avoid excessive force, power should be used in combination with the inner strength. (4) Exercise with regularity, generally 1 to 2 times a day, and persistently, in order to achieve the recovery of the disease and relapse prevention. Lumbar disc herniation rehabilitation points: acute phase: correct sitting, lying, standing and walking Patients with lumbar disc herniation in the acute phase to maintain the correct posture, can significantly reduce the pain symptoms caused by the spinal cord and nerve root compression, and is conducive to the stabilization of the disease. Patients with lumbar disc herniation should sleep in a hard bed or a hard brown bed. The knee joint can be slightly flexed when lying on the back, the whole body is relaxed, the waist falls naturally on the bed; when lying on the side, the knee and hip joints are flexed, which can reduce the pressure of the herniated disc on the spinal cord and nerve roots. Get out of bed with both upper extremities, slowly straighten the waist, and slowly move the body weight to the side of the bed, with one lower extremity landing first. Then, the other side of the lower limbs and then move down, hand on the edge of the bed to stand up. Sitting position when sitting with the waist straight, the chair should have a hard backrest. The height of the chair leg is equal to the height of the patient’s knee joint to the foot surface. If the chair surface is too high, a pedal can be placed under the foot. When standing up from the seat, first move the hips forward so that the body weight shifts forward. Then bilateral lower limbs from the front of the chair slowly land, waist straight, adjust the center of gravity and stand up. Recovery period: insist on self-exercise Patients with lumbar disc herniation can accelerate recovery and prevent recurrence by performing the necessary functional exercises during the recovery period. The following methods of self-exercise can enhance the muscle strength of the lumbar back and increase both the mobility of the lumbar spine and the stability of the spine. The five-point support method raises the pelvis in the supine position, flexes both knees, lifts both hips with the heels, head and elbows as fulcrums, and then slowly drops them, repeatedly 50 times. This action can increase the mobility of the lumbar spine and increase the muscle strength of the low back. Knee touching chest method supine position with both knees flexed, hands hold the knee so that it is as close to the chest, but be careful not to let the back bow out of the bed, repeat 30 times. Swallow point water prone position, double upper limbs straight to the rear, while trying to rear extension and lift the head and straighten the double lower limbs to the rear, repeat 30 times. Straight leg elevation method supine position, hands naturally on both sides of the torso, slowly lift both lower limbs or one lower limb, knee joint as straight as possible to raise, repeat 30 times. The leg press is similar to the martial arts leg press. One side of the knee joint flexion, the other lower limb posterior position straight, straighten the upper torso pressure to the flexed knee joint, and then exchange, repeat 30 times. Sit-up supine position, both knees straight, tuck the abdomen so that the trunk lifted, hands touching the feet, repeat 30 times.