Hair has not only a warming and defensive role, but also a cosmetic and grooming role. Many patients with rheumatic immune diseases are often troubled by hair loss, and the problem of hair loss has become one of their most important concerns. As we all know, a healthy person has about 100,000 hairs, hair growth has a growth and aging cycle, it needs to go through 3 stages: growth period (2-6 years), receding phase (2-4 weeks) and resting phase (2-4 months). Of these 100,000 hairs, 85%-90% are in the growth phase and 10%-15% are in the receding or resting phase. The hair that is inadvertently pulled out during grooming is mostly in the resting phase. Normal hair loss is usually about 100 hairs per day and is not accompanied by pain when shedding. If the hair loss is very high and the shape of the hair changes at the same time, then it may be pathological hair loss. There are very many causes of hair loss. In terms of age and sex, congenital factors are mainly considered for hair loss in children. The causes of female hair loss are postpartum factors (2-6 months after giving birth), endocrine factors (sudden drop of estrogen causes hair loss, so a lot of hair can be lost after giving birth and during menstruation), nutritional factors (hair needs enough vitamins and proteins to nourish, and greasy and spicy diet will increase bad scalp irritation and sebaceous gland secretion, making hair fall off faster. The common cause of hair loss in men between the ages of 20 and 40 is androgenetic alopecia. In older people, it may be senile alopecia. Many drugs can cause hair loss, including the most commonly used corticosteroids such as prednisone; alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustard such as cyclophosphamide and nitrogen mustard phenylbutyrate (tumor cotinine); sulfonate esters such as Marilan (white elimination); antimetabolites such as methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil; antitumor hangulins such as scramble mildew and actinomycin; and plant bases such as vincristine and colchicine. In addition to antineoplastic drugs, other chemical agents such as arsenic, thallium acetate, heparin and coumarin can also often cause hair loss. In addition, orthomycin, antomin, allopurinol, benzindanedione, thiouracil, phenytoin sodium, ethambutol, anti-inflammatory pain, levodopa, methyldopa, furantoin, furantin, herpes net and gentamicin can cause hair loss to varying degrees. Progesterone metabolites in oral contraceptives such as cotrimoxazole tablets and cotrimoxazole tablets (the main components are estrogen and progesterone) have androgenic characteristics and can cause hair loss. There are reports of hair loss caused by overdose of cod liver oil or common aspirin. In addition, as autumn and winter are drier, many people then change from an oily scalp in summer to a dry scalp with loose hair roots that tend to fall out.
Among rheumatic immune diseases, lupus patients have the highest incidence of alopecia, accounting for about 70%. The activity of the disease can lead to hair loss, which can precede other symptoms and can involve not only hair but also eyebrows, eyelashes, beard and/or body hair, which is associated with impaired nutrient supply of blood to the hair follicles due to scalp vasculitis. Many patients with rheumatologic diseases need to take hormones and immunosuppressants for a long time to control their condition, which can cause hair loss. Some patients who have rheumatic immune disease think they have a “cancer that won’t die” and are overly nervous and can’t sleep at night, which can also lead to hair loss. Since there are many causes of hair loss, patients with rheumatic immune disease should first identify the cause of hair loss and then treat or prevent it according to the cause. Generally speaking, in addition to the indicators of lupus activity, hair loss caused by lupus activity is characterized by fine, disorganized and easily broken hair, which is often obvious along the forehead hairline area. Hair loss due to stress, emotional disorders, pregnancy or after the use of hormones and immunosuppressants is mostly a diffuse reduction in hair, and after these factors are lifted, normal hair can grow again. If female patients have menstrual disorders and masculinization at the same time, their hair loss may be related to elevated androgens in the body, in addition to the consideration of the disease itself and hormone side effects. Prevention and treatment methods are: 1. Those who are related to mental factors: first of all, we should lift the burden of thought, firm confidence in treatment, keep the mind cheerful, maintain the appropriate amount of exercise, often deep breathing, walking and doing relaxation gymnastics, etc. to eliminate mental fatigue. You should get enough sleep, not less than 7 hours a day, and develop the habit of sleeping regularly. 2, with infectious lesions and endocrine dysfunction: should remove infectious lesions and correct endocrine dysfunction. Home pets are prone to mold infection, it is recommended not to sleep with pets on the same pillow. If it is androgenic alopecia, you can use Bofax (type II 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, only for men) or topical minoxidil (2% concentration suitable for women, 5% suitable for men, wipe for 3-6 months). 3, related to nutrition: pay attention to reasonable nutrition, often eat food rich in B vitamins and protein, such as eggs, milk, lean pork, beef, chicken, duck, peanuts, soybeans, soy products and fresh vegetables and fruits. Bananas, kelp, walnuts and black sesame are the preferred foods to reduce hair loss. Vegetables are rich in fiber, which can promote the intestinal tract to eliminate waste from the body quickly and reduce the stimulation of waste to the scalp. Vitamin B6 in coarse grains also has a protective effect on hair and slows down the aging and degeneration of hair follicles. People with seborrheic hair loss should eat less sugar, animal fats and spicy stimulating food. In addition, pay attention to stay away from smoking and alcohol. 4. Those who are related to the activity of the disease: such as lupus patients need to actively use drugs to control the development of the disease, while the use of hair growth herbs or hair nourishing function of hair washing cream is ineffective. Patients with baldness caused by discoid lesions on the scalp can apply some immunomodulators such as transfer factor, or use hormones for local closure, and a few patients are effective with localized long-pressin. (5) Those who are related to the use of drugs: On the basis of controlling the condition, reducing the dose of drugs can make hair loss decrease. (6) Use of certain drugs: Vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and cystine can be taken. Chinese medicine is the main treatment principle of tonifying kidney, nourishing blood, activating blood and dispelling wind. Proprietary Chinese medicines can be taken such as Shen Ying Yang Zhen Dan, Er Zhi Wan, Gentian Diarrhea Liver Pill and Jian Shen Wan. Among the Chinese herbal medicines, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Rehmanniae and Radix Shou Wu have good hair fixing and nourishing effects. In addition, can be used externally to improve local blood circulation drugs such as 1 to 3% long pressed Ting hair growth water or cream, 10% chili pepper tincture, 10% tincture of zebrano and cypress leaf tincture, etc., 2 to 3 times a day. Commonly used side cypress leaf plus mulberry root white bark, first dipped and then boiled water to wash the hair has some curative effect. Regardless of the type, the need for scientific hair care: 1, often comb the hair, without plastic combs, available boxwood comb and hog bristle head brush, but do not over-draw combing hair. Avoid washing your hair with alkaline soap, it is best to choose a neutral or weak acidic shampoo that does not stimulate the scalp and hair, and sulfur soap is available for oily hair. Shampooing should not be too diligent. The water temperature of shampooing should not be too hot, and after shampooing, you can apply some hair cream to keep the hair shiny and moist. Dye and perm interval should be at least 3-6 months, and avoid sunlight exposure in summer. However, lupus patients should not dye and perm their hair. Hair does not tolerate sweltering heat, so it is best to wear a hat that is slightly larger than your head. Do not use computer for a long time. 2, you can often rub a rub with ginger in the place where hair falls out, which can promote hair growth. Adhere to about 5 minutes of scalp massage every day to ensure the maintenance of the hair.