Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is also known as Raynaud’s syndrome. It is characterized by a three-phase reaction of pallor, grouping and flushing, mostly in the upper extremities, symmetrical on both sides, or involving the lower extremities or both upper and lower extremities, and occasionally in the ears, nose, cheeks or collar. It is often triggered by cold or emotional excitement. During the attack, the fingers become cold, the skin is obviously pale and stiff, and even the fingers have difficulty moving, and there is a numbness and pins and needles sensation, then the color deepens to dark red or greenish purple, and in severe cases, some of the nails are also grouped, after which the skin color becomes lighter, diffuse flushing, and the throbbing sensation increases, and finally returns to normal. Repeated Raynaud’s phenomenon can cause local ulceration, atrophy, sclerosis and gangrene. However, it is more common to see various nutritional changes in the fingers (toes), often with pointed or lemon shaped finger ends, and the nails can be twisted and deformed. Raynaud’s phenomenon can be divided into two kinds: primary and secondary. The former is of unknown etiology and is a benign spasm of the small arteries of the extremities, also known as Raynaud’s disease, mostly seen in women. The latter is secondary to other diseases, i.e. Raynaud’s phenomenon manifests in other diseases. Recent studies have shown that Raynaud’s phenomenon not only affects the extremities, but can also occur in the viscera of patients with connective tissue diseases, mainly involving the lungs, heart, brain and kidneys, and reports vary as to whether Raynaud’s phenomenon can cause damage to internal organs. How to check for pale, grouped and flushed extremities one after another? I. Medical history The diagnosis of Raynaud’s phenomenon at the extremities is not difficult; by questioning, the patient can describe in detail the symptoms of a typical attack. Some people believe that Raynaud’s phenomenon alone for more than two years is an important condition for the diagnosis of primary Raynaud’s phenomenon, but recent clinical studies have shown that Raynaud’s phenomenon alone for more than 10 years, there are still some of them develop into connective tissue disease. The age of onset is mostly between 20-30 years old, some patients have family history, and the ratio of female to male is about 10:1. The longer duration of the disease should be distinguished from the extremity of the group disease, the long duration of the disease has reached 24 years. Physical examination 1. Cold water stimulation test Ask the patient to sit quietly in a warm room for 20-30min, then immerse the hands or feet in 4 ℃ ice water, about l-2min can be observed local pale skin, 2-5min after leaving the water, the skin becomes purple and flushed, and accompanied by local cold, numb, pins and needles-like pain, the attack lasted for several minutes and then stopped. This method can estimate the extent of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment. It is more commonly used in China. 2, nail wrinkle capillaroscopy can be seen in patients with capillary mu anomalies, rand top bruising, dark red blood color, plasma exudation tube rand bleeding, slowed blood flow, abnormal flow pattern. This is not seen in normal people. This method is commonly used in China to detect. 3.Laser Doppler flowmeter Laser fiber launched into the skin (about 1mm below the surface of the skin photons encountered within the microcirculation of moving red blood cells, its frequency changes, the light emitted back by the skin is collected, converted into a signal is displayed, the blood flow rate and flow can be calculated, China has not seen the detection of this method reported. 4.Radionuclide measurement The radionuclide 131I sodium can be used to determine the nutritional blood flow of the affected finger. 5.Microcirculation microscope Foreign countries have been able to show the intracutaneous capillaries on the TV screen, directly record the flow rate and flow, but also can be inserted into the capillary network of the out, people rub, the determination of pressure changes. 6.Volume and photoelectric volumetric tracers Measure the increase and decrease value of the annular surface of the affected finger, as well as detect the finger arterial pulsation, etc. to estimate the change of blood flow, the decrease of blood flow of the affected finger and the decrease of the amplitude of the arterial pulsation. 7, upper limb arteriography After the first imaging, immerse the hand in ice water for 20 seconds, dry it and then re-imaging once, in addition to the visible spasm of the affected finger artery, it may also involve the larger metacarpal artery and even the forearm artery. This includes avoiding cold stimulation and emotional excitement; abstaining from smoking; avoiding the application of ergotamine, beta-blockers, and contraceptives; and changing to a different one if possible for obvious occupational reasons (long-term use of vibrating tools, working at low temperatures). Carefully protect the fingers from trauma, as minor injuries can easily cause fingertip ulcers or other nutritional lesions. Drinking small amounts of alcoholic beverages in daily life can improve symptoms. If conditions permit, move to a milder, drier climate to reduce the onset of symptoms. Relieve the patient’s mental worries and maintain optimism is an important measure in prevention.