Esophageal cancer is also known as esophageal cancer in clinic, and the use of radiotherapy for early stage esophageal cancer is generally useful, because radiotherapy itself is a common treatment means to deal with esophageal cancer. According to “Esophageal Cancer Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines”, early stage esophageal cancer generally refers to stage 0 or stage I esophageal cancer. Although surgical treatment is the main treatment for early stage esophageal cancer and the first choice of treatment, not every patient is suitable for surgical operation. For patients with poor cardiopulmonary function or those who refuse surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy can be adopted as comprehensive treatment. In addition, if early stage esophageal cancer is found to be non-radical resection by pathological evaluation after surgical treatment, postoperative adjuvant synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy can also be considered according to the recovery of the patient’s body. Whether it is early esophageal cancer or middle or late stage esophageal cancer, radiotherapy, a localized therapy, is a very common treatment in itself. If esophageal cancer patients are diagnosed with the disease, they should consult hospitals in time and choose safe and effective treatment plans to deal with the disease according to their conditions.