Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease. The degree of atherosclerosis varies throughout the body and poses different health risks. In terms of risk, there are three most dangerous areas of atherosclerosis throughout the body: the heart arteries, the brain arteries, and the carotid arteries. Cardiac arteriosclerosis can lead to myocardial infarction, cerebral arteriosclerosis can lead to cerebral hemorrhage, and carotid arteriosclerosis can lead to carotid artery stenosis, which can then cause transient cerebral ischemia and cerebral infarction. Medical research shows that carotid atherosclerosis is no less harmful than cardiac and cerebral atherosclerosis. The carotid artery is thicker and the blood directly supplies the brain tissue and the five senses and other important organs. When carotid artery sclerosis occurs, brain tissues are deprived of blood and oxygen, and symptoms such as dizziness, dizziness and reduced thinking ability will occur. If the carotid artery sclerosis plaque is dislodged, it will block the arterial blood vessels, causing blindness, hemiplegia or even life-threatening. Smoking and herpes virus infection are the main causes of atherosclerosis, with smoking having the greatest effect on carotid atherosclerosis, acting more than age, diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, quitting smoking is the primary measure to prevent carotid atherosclerosis. Treatment: For moderate to mild carotid atherosclerosis (stenosis rate less than 70%), medication is generally used to inhibit its occurrence and development. Commonly used drugs are small doses of aspirin, statins and calcium antagonists. For severe carotid atherosclerosis with stenosis greater than 70%, carotid endarterectomy is traditionally used. This treatment is highly invasive and the patient’s recovery is slow. Recent developments in endovascular stenting offer a safe and effective option for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis. This procedure is minimally invasive, without neck incisions and scars, and without the discomfort of general anesthesia and intubation, providing an opportunity for some patients who are not candidates for surgery.