I. Overview of migraine prevention and treatment Principles of prevention and treatment: 1. Basic principles: actively carry out patient education, actively use various non-drug interventions, including massage, physical therapy, biofeedback therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and acupuncture, etc.; acute drug treatment includes two categories of acute attack and preventive treatment, and pay attention to the use of inquiry evidence. 2. Patient education: Migraine is a disease that cannot be cured but can be effectively controlled, so various forms of patient education should be actively carried out to help patients establish scientific and rational concepts and goals of prevention and treatment. This is important to help diagnose and evaluate the effect of preventive treatment. 3. Non-pharmacological prevention: It is important to identify and avoid migraine attack factors. Progressive relaxation training, biofeedback, music therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy to cope with stress are all beneficial to patients. 4.Establishment of headache clinic (center) and referral: The mature international experience and the preliminary experience in China suggest that the establishment of headache clinic (center) can significantly improve the diagnosis and treatment of migraine, which is beneficial to the development of large-scale clinical research and the establishment of headache professional team. The timely referral of patients with unsatisfactory diagnosis and treatment to headache clinics (centers) can greatly reduce the harm of migraine and the waste of medical resources. In general, when a patient has a headache attack, you should first try to settle the patient’s mood, try to eliminate his or her mental fear, anxiety and tension, and let the patient rest quietly in a dark room in a reclined or semi-recumbent position. At the same time, you can apply cold compresses to the patient’s head with cold water towels or gently press the throbbing blood vessels in the neck or temporal area on the side of the headache with your fingers, which can reduce the headache. When migraine attacks occur, hands should be immersed in a basin of hot water and heated regularly to keep the water warm. 30 minutes of immersion can reduce the headache and even disappear. Because soaking hands in hot water can make the blood vessels of hands expand and blood flow gather in hands, so that the flow of cerebral blood vessels is relatively reduced and the expansion of blood vessels is correspondingly reduced, which reduces the pressure on nerves and the pain will disappear. Preventive treatment of migraine Migraine patients should pay attention to rest and emphasize the combination of work and rest in daily life. Avoid hiking, playing ball and other overly strenuous sports. Also pay attention to adjusting their emotions and avoid excessive mental tension, anxiety, depression or rage. Quit smoking, alcohol, etc.