Although the anorectal area is the end of the digestive tract, it is a very delicate and tight structure with rich vascular, lymphatic and nerve distribution, both functionally and psychologically. Physiologically and psychologically it is a very sensitive area, and even a very slight disposition may bring great discomfort to the patient, and because some patients also have other diseases such as severe external hemorrhoids and anal fissures, which require necessary revision. Therefore a small number of patients undergoing PPH surgery may also experience certain complications. We suggest that patients should pay attention to the following after discharge: (1) Outpatient follow-up after discharge and regular review within half a month. Regular review within half a month after discharge can effectively reduce the occurrence of complications. The number of check-ups varies according to the severity of the disease and the patient’s recovery, and is usually ordered by the doctor at the time of discharge; if there is any discomfort after discharge, it is necessary to return to the hospital for examination and treatment as early as possible. (2) Eat lightly and pay attention to dietary hygiene. There is no special requirement for postoperative diet after PPH surgery, and a light diet is sufficient. However, it is recommended to avoid high concentration of spirits and excessively spicy food such as hot pot within one month after surgery. (3) Develop good bowel habits and keep the bowels open. Surgical treatment of anal diseases advocates natural bowel movements. It does not require a stool every day, but requires that according to the actual situation of individuals, randomly at any time to defecate, do not wait not to tolerate, which has shown many advantages in clinical practice. (4) Pay attention to the cleanliness and hygiene of the anal region and insist on cleaning after defecation. The anorectum still needs a relatively clean environment, so it is advocated that the anorectum should be cleaned promptly after discharge from surgery to prevent contamination, which can effectively prevent anastomotic infection. When cleaning with water can be used, when available, warm water or Chinese medicine fumigation. (5) Take proper rest and avoid overwork. The recovery time after PPH is short and you can return to work soon. However, we still recommend proper rest and avoid heavy physical exercise in the early period after discharge, which can reduce the incidence of postoperative bleeding and local symptoms in the anus. Women should pay attention not to stand and sit for a long time during menstruation, and should change their position from time to time so as not to aggravate the pelvic congestion. (6) Adhere to anal function exercise. Anus lifting is a simple and practical method of anal function exercise, with the dual role of prevention and treatment of anal diseases, which is advocated at home and abroad. (7) Treatment when bleeding is detected. Hemorrhoids are a vascular disease or a group of diseases with a predominantly vascular pathology. Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids is like a plumber repairing a faucet without turning off the water gate, and a leaky pipe is inevitable. The reason for bleeding after PPH surgery is mostly related to constipation, dry fecal masses, anastomotic abrasions, tears or local infection of the anastomosis, or the patient’s early postoperative weight bearing, which increases the pressure in the anal canal. If there is a little blood on the surface of the stool in the near future after discharge, it may be caused by the anastomotic nail falling off or the stool rubbing the anastomosis, which can be relieved soon after the hemorrhoid plug or hemorrhoid cream is inserted after the stool; if the bleeding is more and the blood is bright red and cannot stop by itself, you should follow up with the hospital immediately to avoid delaying the condition and the danger. (8) Occasional anal pain and swelling. Anal pain and swelling is usually a short-term phenomenon, individual patients may be a little longer, you can use the compound hemorrhoid bath. If the pain and swelling is significantly worse or accompanied by fever, you should go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time. (9) Abnormal defecation pattern. Because the human anorectum is a very fine structure, any surgery in this sensitive area will, to varying degrees, lead to temporary changes in the defecation habits of some patients, which may appear as an increase in the number of stools, change in the nature of stools, urgent stools or reduced ability to control stools, etc. Most patients can improve after self-regulation of diet, exercise and sleep or the application of drugs for a short period of time, and a small number of patients can recover quickly after symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a physician. The majority of patients can improve after self-regulation of diet, exercise and sleep or short time application of medication. (10) Thin stools or difficulty in defecation. If the stool becomes thin or difficult to defecate after discharge, it is mostly due to inflammatory stimulation of the anastomosis and scar formation, which leads to anastomotic stenosis. Early anastomotic stenosis can be recovered faster after simple finger dilation treatment by the doctor, otherwise, if the scar is aging, it must be treated surgically. Therefore, patients are advised to follow up regularly to avoid the occurrence of anastomotic stenosis. (11) Residual skin redundancy. Both the international anorectal community and our latest “Draft Guidelines for the Clinical Management of Hemorrhoids” state that asymptomatic hemorrhoids do not require treatment. The aim of treatment for symptomatic hemorrhoids is to eliminate and reduce the main symptoms of hemorrhoids. In PPH surgery, due to the fact that a small number of patients originally had excessive anal canal ectropion and external hemorrhoids, the smaller skin flaps were not completely removed to ensure the therapeutic effect of PPH surgery and to reduce postoperative pain and treatment time, which did not cause discomfort to the patients. If the bulge is large and affects your daily life, you can come to the hospital for follow-up.