During prolonged surgery, cardiac surgery, extensive body cavity flushing, or procedures requiring large transfusions of blood and fluids, we use fluid warming techniques to keep the patient’s body temperature stable and to prevent and treat perioperative chills. Intraoperative hypothermia is a common complication of anesthesia and surgery, especially after prolonged surgery, major surgery, and surgery in the elderly and pediatric population. A body temperature <36°C at any time point during surgery is called intraoperative hypothermia. It has been reported that the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia can reach 50% to 70%. Although hypothermia can reduce the metabolic rate of the body, decrease oxygen consumption, and increase the tolerance of tissues and organs to ischemia and hypoxia, it can also lead to a variety of complications, such as causing postoperative chills, increasing the rate of incisional infections and cardiovascular complications, abnormal coagulation, and delayed anesthesia awakening, which adversely affect the safety of patients during surgery. Therefore, maintaining normal intraoperative body temperature of patients is one of the important measures to ensure successful anesthesia surgery and reduce postoperative complications. Infection rate and cardiovascular complications, abnormal coagulation function, and delayed anesthesia awakening adversely affect the safety of patients' surgery. Therefore, maintaining normal intraoperative body temperature of patients is one of the important measures to ensure successful anesthesia surgery and reduce postoperative complications. Infection rate and cardiovascular complications, abnormal coagulation function, and delayed anesthesia awakening adversely affect the safety of patients' surgery. Therefore, maintaining normal intraoperative body temperature of patients is one of the important measures to ensure successful anesthesia surgery and reduce postoperative complications. Prevention and treatment techniques Environmental preheating before surgery All 32 operating rooms in our department are advanced laminar flow clean operating rooms. The constant temperature is maintained at 23-24℃ 30 min before the patient enters the room, and the operating room temperature is dynamically adjusted according to the body temperature. Enhance body surface insulation. Inflatable thermal blankets are currently recognized as the most effective body surface insulation measure. Circulating water variable temperature blanket is mainly used for extracorporeal circulation. Infusion and transfusion warming techniques. The more intraoperative infusion of fluid and blood isothermal to the environment, the more "cold dilution" is caused to the patient's body, and the faster the body temperature will drop. At present, infusion warming devices such as infusion warmers and thermostatic heaters are often used in clinical practice. Since the heating liquid is connected to the vein through the extension tube, resulting in heat loss, the heating temperature should be slightly higher than 37℃, and it is appropriate to heat up to 39-40℃. Artificial nose technique. Used to adjust and maintain the suitability of the whistle gas temperature and humidity. The use of a heat and humidity exchanger to warm and humidify the patient's whistling gas has a preventive effect on intraoperative hypothermia. Drug control Drugs such as dulcolax, dextromethorphan, and tramadol are effective in preventing and treating intraoperative chills.