Bone marrow transplantation, also known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. There are two ways to obtain the marrow fluid from the donor: 1. Directly through bone marrow aspiration. This needs to be done in the operating room, where the marrow donor is put under general anesthesia or continuous lumbar anesthesia, and then the donor’s bone marrow fluid is extracted through bone marrow puncture in the posterior superior iliac spine bilaterally until the desired amount of marrow is reached. In this case, it is quite painful for the marrow donor because multiple sites are needed for bone marrow aspiration.2. However, nowadays, hematopoietic stem cell isolation is mostly used to obtain hematopoietic stem cells, which requires bone marrow mobilization of the donor first, and the commonly used drug is recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. After the application of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulation, the donor’s hematopoietic stem cells will be mobilized to the peripheral blood, and through the blood cell separator, the donor’s stem cells can be collected and then infused back into the patient’s body, which is a process that is not very painful to the donor.