1.What is bronchial asthma (asthma)? Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving many cells and cellular components in the Global Strategy for Asthma (2002), revised by the World Health Organization and the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Chronic inflammation causes airway hyperresponsiveness, resulting in recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and/or coughing, especially at night or in the morning, which are often accompanied by widespread, variable and reversible airflow obstruction that may resolve on its own or with treatment. 2.What is the current global and Chinese prevalence of asthma? The incidence of asthma is currently on the rise worldwide, and according to statistics, there are about 155 million people with asthma worldwide. The prevalence of asthma in China is about 0.11-2.03% in children and 0.7-1.5% in adults. There are about 10-20 million patients nationwide. 3.Is asthma hereditary? Asthma is a disease with complex traits and a polygenic genetic predisposition. Its genetic characteristics are: incomplete epistasis, genetic heterogeneity, polygenic inheritance and synergistic effects. However, asthma susceptibility genes are only of relative importance. 4.How does asthma occur? The pathogenesis of asthma is more complex. Currently, it is believed that certain environmental factors act on genetically susceptible individuals and cause airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness through the release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines by the body’s immune system; at the same time, the interaction of some structural cells and immune cells in the airway and abnormalities in airway neuromodulation aggravate airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. Under the action of environmental excitation factors, it causes increased airway inflammation and smooth muscle contraction, resulting in asthma symptoms in patients.