Chicken breast is a thoracic deformity characterized by anterior convexity of the sternum, often accompanied by depression of the costal cartilages and ribs on either side of the sternum, which can be congenital or a manifestation of rickets. Congenital chicken chest has a certain relationship with heredity; acquired chicken chest is common in rickets, which is related to insufficient intake of vitamin D, short sunshine time, diseases that lead to reduced absorption or synthesis of vitamin D (such as digestive system diseases, severe kidney damage, etc.), medication factors, and hereditary factors. Patients with chicken chest have overgrowth and abnormal development of the sternum and ribs, which makes the sternum appear to bulge forward and flatten the thorax on both sides, which looks like a chicken’s chest, so it is called chicken chest. Patients with chicken chest need to strengthen exercise, and at the same time improve diet, increase vitamin D-rich food, and also supplement vitamin D and calcium and other drugs; when the deformity is more serious, they should actively consult the doctor, and under the guidance of the physician, undergo surgical treatments, such as sternum lifting surgery, sternum flipping surgery, and anti-Nuss surgery. Orthopedic surgical treatment of chicken chest has relatively good effect and good prognosis for recovery, therefore, patients are recommended to have timely treatment.