The peritoneum is a membrane that covers the lining of the abdominal cavity and the visceral layers (including the diaphragm, liver, spleen and intestinal tract). Using a simple surgical procedure, a tube called a peritoneal dialysis tubing is inserted through the abdominal wall into the peritoneal cavity. This tubing will provide access to the peritoneal cavity for dialysis fluid, which can easily hold 2 liters of dialysis fluid in an average adult. During the process of dialysis, metabolic wastes and excess water in human blood will enter the dialysis fluid through the blood vessels on the peritoneum. This is done about 3 to 4 times a day, which is sufficient to remove the toxins and excess water from the body and maintain a stable physiological state. A new dialysis solution is changed daily as prescribed by the doctor to eliminate metabolic waste. Patients may experience mild discomfort at the incision site for the first few days after the peritoneal dialysis catheter is implanted, which will disappear after a few days. This peritoneal dialysis tubing is the access point for dialysis and is placed permanently in the abdominal cavity without replacement or discomfort. The peritoneal dialysis tubing is routed through a subcutaneous tunnel, which is referred to as the “catheter exit” or “tunnel port” on the right side of the abdominal wall. It is very important to keep the catheter exit clean and avoid infection, and you must check and clean this area daily. One of the key points is that the catheter must be properly secured. The nurse will teach you how to take care of your catheter outlet as part of the peritoneal dialysis training program. Peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis and kidney transplantation are the main effective treatments for renal insufficiency today. Peritoneal dialysis has advantages over hemodialysis in each case. Peritoneal dialysis has the advantages of simple equipment, easy to operate, more effective in the removal of medium-molecule substances, more conducive to the protection of residual kidney function and more suitable for home treatment, etc. It is especially suitable for children, the elderly, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetic nephropathy, active bleeding and people with contraindications to hemodialysis, and is an effective means of renal replacement therapy that meets the needs of China’s national conditions and has good prospects for development.