The treatment of optic neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and the problems that patients should pay attention to in their daily life: 1. Drug therapy to prevent recurrence: Studies have shown that the disability of NMO patients is caused by repeated recurrence, and it is now clear that immunosuppressants have the effect of preventing NMO recurrence. The so-called immunosuppressants are drugs that inhibit the immune response of human body, including hormones, azathioprine, morte-macrolide, etc. Most of them belong to oncological chemotherapy drugs and have large side effects, so it is necessary to go to a specialist who specializes in the treatment of such diseases, so that professional doctors can make individualized drug selection and program development for patients. 2.B vitamins can be applied intermittently to nerve nutrition, and allopathic drugs can be applied to reduce the increased muscle tone, painful spasm and cognitive dysfunction caused by paralysis. Like many chronic diseases, NMO patients are prone to anxiety and depression during the course of the disease, and must be treated actively and early, because anxiety and depression not only affect mood, but also lead to sleep disorders, immune endocrine system disorders, and even self-harm and suicidal behavior. 4, to adhere to scientific exercise, for patients with neurological dysfunction need to be combined with physical rehabilitation. 5, pay attention to avoid strain, avoid emotional excitement, avoid or actively treat fever, cold, diarrhea, etc., avoid live vaccination, avoid long-term high temperature environment, such as fever, tropical travel, hot baths, hot springs, sauna, etc. The specific measures should be combined with the patient’s condition, and the treating doctor will tell you in more detail.