The goals of surgery for chronic otitis media are: 1. control of pus flow and pain; 2. improvement of hearing; 3. tympanic membrane repair to facilitate daily activities such as swimming or washing hair; and 4. removal of the lesion. The protective role of the middle ear is compromised. The tympanic membrane is the gateway to one side of the middle ear, by which the outer ear is separated from the middle ear and protects the middle ear cavity. Bacteria, sewage, and foreign bodies from the outside world can carry the middle ear through the perforation causing infection and pus flow. Hearing loss due to perforation: Sound first vibrates the eardrum and then travels to the cochlea via the middle ear auditory chain, which in turn causes a nerve reflex to form hearing. After perforation of the eardrum, the effective vibrating area of the eardrum is reduced, the energy of external sound waves is transmitted to the inner ear is weakened, and hearing loss occurs. After tympanoplasty, it possesses a protective effect on the middle ear, which can reduce the chance of recurrence and improve hearing at the same time.