Acute pyelonephritis is an infectious disease, mostly caused by pathogens such as bacteria. Acute pyelonephritis is the upper urinary tract infection in urinary tract infection, which is caused by bacteria, mycoplasma, chlamydia and other infections, the main manifestations of fever, chills, headache, generalized aches and pains, nausea, vomiting and other systemic symptoms, some patients will have lumbar pain, pain in renal area percussion, etc., and some patients will also have frequent urination, urgency, pain and other manifestations of lower urinary tract infections. Diagnosis needs to be confirmed by urine routine, urine culture, blood routine, urinary tract ultrasound and other examinations. The main application of sensitive antibiotics for treatment, more commonly used penicillin, cephalosporin, quinolone antibiotics, such as piperacillin, cefuroxime, levofloxacin and so on. All of the above medications should be used under the guidance of a doctor to avoid self-medication. Patients with acute pyelonephritis are advised to go to regular hospitals for timely consultation and targeted treatment under the guidance of doctors.