1, eliminate factors that cause increased abdominal pressure: such as avoid smoking, cough, to prevent respiratory infections; drink more water, eat more vegetables and other coarse fiber food, to keep the bowels unobstructed; to understand the urinary situation, such as prostatic hyperplasia should be dealt with first. Pay attention to keep warm and prevent from catching cold; 3. For elderly patients, we should have a comprehensive understanding of the function of all organs of the body; for those with combined heart disease, we should ask them to reduce their activities and improve the cardiac function tests; 4. For elderly patients with weak abdominal wall muscles or patients with incisional hernia or recurrent hernia, we should do abdominal wall muscle exercises, such as sit-ups, before surgery. 5. skin preparation: skin preparation such as shower and dressing should be done one day before surgery. skin care is one of the important measures to prevent incisional infection and avoid recurrence of hernia. Skin care is one of the most important measures to prevent incisional infection and to avoid recurrence of hernia. Especially for the perineum and scrotum, the skin should be carefully shaved and the skin should not be broken. Elderly patients should pay attention to warmth during skin preparation to prevent coughing and increased intra-abdominal pressure due to respiratory tract infection induced by cold. Shower and wear loose clothing after skin preparation; check again for inflammatory manifestations such as folliculitis before surgery.