Hysterectomy can be performed as a partial cervical conization with a laparoscope or cold knife, or as a total hysterectomy to remove the cervix as well. If a woman has a colposcopic biopsy that indicates intermediate grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN II, CIN III or even carcinoma in situ, she will need to undergo a local cervical conization with either a laparoscope or cold knife; CIN II with a laparoscope and CIN III or carcinoma in situ with a cold knife, as the scope of excision is larger than a laparoscope and the lesion can be easily removed. The operation is to open the vagina with a dildo, expose the cervix, disinfect the cervix with iodophor, hold the cervix with a cervical clamp for fixation, and then remove the local lesion with a laparoscope. If a cold knife is used for conization, the procedure is usually performed in a hospital, and the operation is the same as that of a laparotomy, except that the instruments used are different. If a woman is diagnosed with in situ cervical cancer, she can undergo a total hysterectomy, which can be done directly by open or laparoscopic removal of the uterine body and cervix.