Testicular biopsy, short for testicular biopsy pathology, is mainly applicable to azoospermia and severe oligospermia. Through this examination, the spermatogenic function of testis and the degree of reproductive disorders can be directly estimated, and it is still the gold standard for determining how the spermatogenic function of testis is, but after all, it is a traumatic examination, and it is also easy to make the human body produce anti-sperm antibodies, so with the development of diagnostic technology in recent years, this examination has been seldom used in large hospitals, and if it is necessary to be used, it is also advocated that microsurgical techniques be used to minimize the damage to the testis. If not, microsurgical techniques are also advocated to minimize testicular damage. So, how to determine the function of testicular spermatogenesis without testicular biopsy? 1. Testicle and vas deferens examination Measure the volume and size of testicle to see if it is normal, and check if the vas deferens is absent. 2.Biochemical analysis of semen Through the determination of α-glucosidase and fructose in semen, it can initially determine whether and where the vas deferens such as epididymis, vas deferens and ejaculatory duct are blocked. 3, sex chromosome examination Patients with sex chromosome abnormality will lose their spermatogenic function, such as Kirschner’s syndrome with 47XXY sex chromosome and 46XX in sex reversal syndrome. 4. Sex hormone measurement Since follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in blood acts on the specific production workshop of testis, the processing plant of spermatozoa – varicocele, so the main measurement of FSH, if FSH is obviously elevated, that is to say, it indicates that testicular spermatogenesis is dysfunctional. Testosterone (T) and LH can be measured according to the situation. If testicular spermatogenesis cannot be determined after the above tests, testicular biopsy can be considered.