1.What are compression stockings? Medical elastic stockings are designed to prevent blood flowing back to the heart by gradually decreasing the pressure from the ankle upwards to contract the calf muscles, so as to sculpt the leg shape, beautify the curve, improve the carrot leg and prevent varicose veins. Medical compression stockings establish the highest support pressure at the ankle and gradually decrease upward along the leg. In the calf, the pressure is reduced to 70%-90% of the maximum pressure, and in the thigh, it is reduced to 25%-45% of the maximum pressure. This decreasing pressure change can make the lower limb venous blood return, effectively relieving or improving the lower limb veins and venous valves under pressure. 2.What are the functions of elastic stockings? 1) Eliminate the swelling and pain caused by varicose veins and impaired blood flow in the veins of the lower extremities, so that the varicose veins which have become lighter will not be aggravated. 2) Prevent deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs of bedridden patients. 3) To eliminate lower limb edema in pregnant women in late pregnancy and to prevent lower limb varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis in women after delivery. 4) Prevention and treatment of economy class syndrome in air travelers. 5) It can reduce the discomfort of lower limb soreness and swelling and prevent varicose veins of lower limb for those who stand, sit and work for a long time. 3. What are the types and choices of elastic stockings? According to the wearer’s leg symptoms, choose the appropriate compression of elastic stockings: elastic stockings are divided into the following levels of pressure Level 1 low-pressure preventive health care type (15-25mmHg): for the health care prevention of varicose veins, thrombosis high incidence of people; Level 1 medium-pressure initial treatment type (25-30mmHg): for the initial varicose veins patients. Grade II medium pressure treatment type (30-40mmHg): applicable to patients who already have obvious varicose veins (veins protruding from the skin surface when standing) in the lower limbs with leg discomfort (such as soreness and swelling of the lower limbs, eczema and itching, cramps and numbness, pigmentation, etc.), phlebitis, severe varicose veins during pregnancy, patients after varicose vein surgery (saphenous vein stripping (saphenous vein stripping) patients, patients with post-deep vein thrombosis syndrome; tertiary hypertension heavy treatment type (40-50 mmHg): for patients with high swelling, ulcers, darkened and hardened skin, high lymphedema, recovery period after plastic liposuction, etc. in the lower limbs. Elastic stocking selection: 1. Select the length of elastic stocking according to the lesion: medium stocking (below the knee), long stocking (and thigh), pantyhose (and waist) If the wearer only has varicose veins below the knee, medium elastic stocking is enough; if the wearer also has symptoms above the knee, he needs to wear long or pantyhose type elastic stocking. Determine the right size (elastic stockings are divided into small S, medium M, large L and XL). Measure the three main sizes (cm) of the wearer’s legs: the circumference of the ankle (the thinnest part of the neck), the maximum circumference of the calf belly and the maximum circumference of the thigh, in order to determine the right number. 2, the maintenance of elastic socks according to the correct method of wearing elastic socks and washing elastic socks should use neutral detergent in warm water, do not wring, in a cool place in the air dry; at the same time should be diligent nail cutting, to avoid scratching socks. 3.Questions about elastic stockings 1) Can wearing elastic stockings cure varicose veins? The varicose veins are an irreversible disease and so far there is no method to cure them completely, including surgery. 2) How long does it take for the elastic stocking to work? After putting on the elastic stockings, you should feel a comfortable feeling in your legs and give them an upward boost, not a feeling of strangulation. For patients with ulcers, the ulcers less than one centimeter in diameter will gradually heal after more than 2 months of wearing, and by insisting on wearing, the protruding veins can be gradually flattened and the darkened and hardened skin will gradually turn better. As the symptoms of varicose veins are reduced, the time and frequency of wearing can be gradually reduced. 3）.Would I wear one or one pair if I have symptoms in only one leg? It is recommended to wear one pair, so that both legs can feel the same, and the other leg can have a positive health care prevention effect, or you can wear two socks in rotation on one leg, because elastic socks need to be hand-washed and dried, and cannot be baked, so it is convenient to wear two socks in rotation to change and wash, and prolong the service life. (4), how to choose the suitable compression and length of elastic stockings: first of all, according to the wearer’s leg symptoms to choose the suitable pressure, according to the varicose veins part to choose the length of elastic stockings, measure the leg size, ankle (the thinnest part of the neck) circumference, the thickest circumference of the calf belly, the maximum circumference of the thigh, in order to determine the suitable number. (5), elastic socks thin and thick elastic socks have thin and ordinary type two thickness, thin type to summer, spring, summer, autumn and winter can wear, comfortable type than the thin type slightly thick to winter, the same pressure regardless of the effect of thin and thick. 6) How long can a pair of elastic socks be used? Elastic socks can be worn and washed according to the instructions, and the elasticity can generally be maintained for more than a year, after which the pressure is not as great as in the beginning and needs to be replaced. You should have at least two pairs of medical compression stockings to replace them and to extend the life of the stockings. 7). The difference between the calf protector and the mid-unit socks The length of the calf protector is more than 20 centimeters, which can cover the middle part of the calf, and it is generally used to protect the veins of the lower limbs when varicose veins are exercising strenuously, and it is more convenient to use when exercising. The pressure at the ankle of the mid-unit elastic socks is the biggest, and the ones with socks can better help the blood return to the veins of the lower limbs. 8) Why should I wear compression stockings after varicose vein surgery? Wearing compression stockings after varicose vein surgery can prevent bleeding at the peeling site and incision and reduce the stagnation of blood in the veins. Because varicose vein surgery is a destructive treatment, saphenous vein stripping, after all, is to remove part of the veins of the lower limbs of the human body, and accordingly the burden on the deep veins is increased, after varicose vein surgery, the doctor will wrap the patient with elastic bandages, and after removing the bandages, use elastic stockings, using sequential decompression elastic stockings can help lower limb venous blood flow back, eliminate post-operative lower limb swelling, and prevent recurrence. Recurrence. After varicose vein surgery, we should use secondary compression compression stockings. (9) Why should I wear compression stockings after thrombosis treatment of the deep veins of the lower limbs? The deep vein of the lower extremity is the main return channel of the venous blood of the lower extremity, only a small part of the venous blood returns through the superficial vein, if the deep vein forms thrombosis, the return of the deep venous blood of the lower extremity is blocked, and most of the venous blood has to rely on the superficial vein to compensate, which will lead to the superficial vein to expand outward. During the recovery period after DVT treatment, it is necessary to wear sequential decompression elastic stockings to offset the increased venous pressure caused by DVT blockage with external pressure, promote venous blood return, improve local skin malnutrition, reduce edema, and enable patients to get out of bed early after the acute period, and the activity on the ground itself has the effect of preventing the re-formation of DVT in the lower limbs. Some patients after DVT treatment will have various symptoms due to incomplete thrombolysis or other reasons, so they should insist on wearing it for a long time. 10) Why can compression stockings treat varicose veins of lower limbs? The pressure in the veins of the lower extremities of normal people increases gradually from top to bottom, and the ideal elastic stockings should produce decreasing pressure on the lower extremities from bottom to top to support the veins of the lower extremities and promote the return of blood to the veins of the lower extremities, so as to effectively relieve or improve the pressure on the veins of the lower extremities and the venous valves, so that the clinical symptoms of venous insufficiency can be significantly improved. Wearing sequential decompression elastic stockings is one of the effective measures to treat venous diseases and lymphedema of lower limbs. It has a better treatment effect on varicose veins of lower limbs, lower limb deep vein valve insufficiency, lower limb deep vein thrombosis and lower limb deep vein post-thrombosis syndrome and lymphedema. 11) How to prevent varicose veins of lower limbs in pregnant women and after delivery? In order to prevent the occurrence of varicose veins in lower limbs, pregnant women should pay attention to the following points: (1) Pregnant women should pay attention to proper rest. (2) Elevate the lower limbs. When you sleep every day, you can use pillows to elevate your legs to promote blood flow back to the lower limbs. (3) Wear long elastic stockings every day before waking up to compress the veins of the lower limbs to reduce their congestion and dilate the blood vessels to reduce stasis. (4) Commonly used techniques to massage the calf: squeeze the calf: the pregnant woman sits on a reclining chair with her leg stretched out on a low stool, and her husband places his thumb and four fingers apart on the back of the pregnant woman’s calf to massage and squeeze the calf from the heel to the thigh to push the blood in the direction of the heart. Rub the calf: the pregnant woman sits as above, the husband puts both hands on both sides of the pregnant woman’s calf and rubs the calf muscles from the ankle to the knee joint to help the venous blood flow back. After the delivery of pregnant women, varicose veins of lower limbs can mostly heal themselves.