1. The significance of blood pressure management Protection of target organs Damage to the heart caused by hypertension: coronary atherosclerotic heart disease; hypertensive heart disease. Hypertensive damage to brain: cerebral infarction; cerebral hemorrhage. Damage of hypertension to kidney: chronic renal insufficiency; renal atrophy. Normal blood pressure: systolic blood pressure 90~120 / diastolic blood pressure 60~80 (mmHg); Normal high blood pressure: systolic blood pressure 130~139 / diastolic blood pressure 80~89 (mmHg); Hypertension: systolic blood pressure >140 / diastolic blood pressure >90 (mmHg). 3. Methods of blood pressure measurement Measurement time Two peaks: 6-8 a.m. and 4-6 p.m.; calm state, avoid strenuous exercise; rest for more than 5 minutes after walking; may add one blood pressure measurement before bedtime. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Unstable blood pressure control should be checked further. Upper arm brachial artery blood pressure measurement 1. expose the upper arm; 2. tie the cuff 2-3 cm above the transverse elbow stripe, with the air pressure catheter located in the middle of the arm; 3. adjust the tightness so that one finger can fit inside the cuff; 4. stay calm and avoid emotional excitement; 5. if a mercury sphygmomanometer is used, the base of the sphygmomanometer should be kept at the same level as the heart. 4, lifestyle adjustment (a) maintain psychological balance 1, emotions and the development of hypertension has a certain relationship, people in the mental stimulation, sympathetic nerve excitation, vascular contraction spasm, resulting in a sudden rise in blood pressure. We should avoid excessive tension in work and life as much as possible, keep a happy mood and cultivate a good character. Relax your mood, and communicate with your family and friends. 2, at the same time there is depression and anxiety patients often appear blood pressure instability, it is difficult to control with medication, it is best to use anti depressant treatment at the same time with anti depressant drugs, from the clinical observation by the very good results. (B) moderate exercise 1, participate in moderate exercise. 2, before exercise, should first understand their own physical condition, in order to decide the type, intensity, frequency and duration of exercise. 3, middle-aged and elderly people should participate in aerobic, stretching, increase muscle strength exercises of the three types of activities, specific projects can choose to walk, jogging, tai chi, qigong, swimming, etc., the movement must be gradual, do not arbitrarily increase the intensity of exercise and increase the duration of exercise, in order to prevent the reflex caused by the vagus nerve excitation, peripheral resistance increases and make the blood pressure rise suddenly, thus inducing angina pectoris, cerebral hemorrhage, congestive heart failure and other complications. (c) Reduce the weight of your body. (C) reduce body weight, body fat accumulation is one of the most important factors contributing to the development of hypertension, according to statistics, obese people suffering from hypertension for the normal weight of 2-3 times the odds of people. Medical doctors believe that, as long as the weight loss of more than 5%, nature has obvious effect of lowering blood pressure, but also improve lipid metabolism, eliminate and reduce other risk factors (d) quit smoking and alcohol nicotine on the myocardium, blood vessels have a stimulating effect, so that the heart rate accelerated, vasoconstriction, blood pressure rise. Smoking is an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, patients with increased blood pressure should quit smoking without delay. (E) Dietary control 1, salt limit High salt intake can cause blood pressure rise, low salt diet can make blood pressure lower. Research shows that reducing 2 grams of salt per person per day can reduce systolic blood pressure by 2mmHg on average, and diastolic blood pressure by 1.2mmHg. Hypertensive patients who have suffered from strokes must keep the entrance to this gate, and do not consume more than 6 grams of salt per day. 2, control fat and carbohydrate intake increased lipids can make atherosclerosis aggravate, at the same time make the blood pressure can not be effectively controlled, therefore, we must often monitor the blood lipids, dietary attention do not eat saturated fatty acids, do not eat fried food. Usually we use cooking oil cooking vegetable oil, is much better than animal oil, but also to control the total amount. Carbohydrates generally refer to staple foods, but also include fruits, potatoes, roots and other starchy foods. To change some of the habits of the past, eat less refined rice and flour, eat more grains and cereals, eat more unprocessed food. 3, protein and hypertension More intake of high-quality protein the incidence of hypertension decreased, in daily life to emphasize a vegetarian diet to prevent hypertension is not desirable. We should choose animal protein in our diet appropriately, such as chicken, duck, fish, milk and so on. Eggs should be eaten 1 whole egg daily. In addition, soy products to supplement protein should pay attention to the right amount. 4, calcium supplement and blood pressure reduction High-calcium diet is one of the effective measures to control high blood pressure. Hypertensive patients supplement 1000 mg of calcium per day for eight weeks, can make blood pressure drop significantly. Sesame, shrimp, milk contains high calcium. 5, supplement potassium, high sodium and low potassium is one of the factors of hypertension, research has proved that: potassium can promote the excretion of sodium, have the effect of lowering blood pressure. Vegetables and fruits are rich in potassium, so eat more.