Reduced testicular volume may be caused by physiological reasons such as ageing, and follow-up observation is the main concern. If the testicular volume is significantly reduced within a short period of time, it is necessary to be alert to the presence of testicular vascular lesions, testicular tuberculosis, testicular inflammation and other diseases, and the symptoms may be relieved by timely and active treatment of the primary pathology.
1. Physiological factors: with the increase of age, the secretion of sex hormone decreases, and the inhibition of testicular function may gradually atrophy, which is a normal physiological phenomenon and needs no special treatment.
2. Pathological factors: including testicular vascular lesions, testicular tuberculosis, testicular inflammation and so on.
(1) Testicular vascular lesions: such as varicocele or arterial stenosis of spermatic cord, due to long-term poor testicular blood supply, resulting in atrophy and necrosis of testicular cells, thus causing shrinkage in size. Clinically, this condition is usually irreversible, but early detection can be treated by surgery to restore the testicular blood supply to avoid the testicles from continuing to shrink.
(2) Testicular tuberculosis: most of them are secondary to urinary tuberculosis, such as renal tuberculosis, which can lead to atrophy and hardening of testicles, accompanied by testicular pain, vague pain and falling, low fever, night sweating, etc. Systematic anti-tuberculosis treatment is needed, such as combined treatment with rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid and other drugs.
(3) Testiculitis: mainly refers to the testicular inflammation caused by viral infection, especially mumps virus, which is easy to damage the spermatogenic tissues of testis and lead to the reduction of testicular volume. Clinically, it is mainly necessary to use α-2b interferon antiviral drugs for treatment to prevent testicular atrophy.
The causes of small testicular volume are different, and the recovery methods are also different. If physiological factors are ruled out, you should consult a doctor in time, use medication according to the doctor’s instructions, and actively treat the primary disease before the symptoms can be relieved.