At present, lung cancer has become the number one killer of human health, ranking first among all kinds of diseases in terms of incidence and mortality. Everyone is afraid of cancer, but they do not know that lung cancer can be prevented and treated. To prevent lung cancer, the first and foremost thing is to stay away from tobacco. Data show that 87% of lung cancer deaths are related to smoking. The country has explicitly banned smoking in public places. However, if it is effective, all people need to be mobilized, especially family members of smokers, to raise awareness and take immediate action to refuse “first-hand smoke, second-hand smoke and even third-hand smoke”. In addition, China’s Shanghai Tongji University Institute of Oncology spiritual pathology survey found that young and middle-aged women long-term kitchen cooking, exposure to high-temperature fumes, will increase their risk of lung cancer by 2-3 times. Therefore, “housewives” should have a clean and ventilated kitchen to reflect our family’s care for them. According to WHO (World Health Organization), there are about 1.2 million lung cancer cases and 1.1 million deaths worldwide each year. It is almost one person who develops and one person who dies. And this number is still growing. It is expected that by 2025, the annual number of lung cancer cases in China will exceed 1 million, making China the “world’s largest lung cancer country”. This is a very heavy “world first” that we do not want to have. Among all lung cancer patients, only 20-30% of them can be detected early and receive surgical treatment. The 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients who can receive surgery in the early stage can reach 50%-70%, while the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced lung cancer is less than 10%. The difference between one “early” and one “late” is so big, what can we learn from it? This is the importance of secondary prevention – early diagnosis and early treatment. It reminds us how important it is to have annual health checkups and how important it is to raise our awareness of health. So how to achieve early diagnosis? First of all, we need the general public to have a preliminary understanding of lung cancer and pay attention to the following points: a. Most lung cancer patients’ first symptoms are cough, sputum and blood, fever and chest pain. These symptoms should be taken seriously, especially if they last for a long time (e.g. more than a week) without relief, they should go to hospital for further examination immediately. Second, pneumonia that has failed to respond to treatment or that occurs repeatedly in the same area. Some patients who have been diagnosed with pneumonia at the hospital, have improved after treatment, and then become worse again after stopping the medication or have pneumonia recurring in a certain area, should be alert and go to a specialist hospital for further examination. Sputum blood. Sputum blood is not unique to lung cancer, but can be caused by many diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and bronchial dilatation. Even nasopharyngeal and oral diseases can cause it. However, sputum blood, even if it is only once, should be given enough attention. Fourth, shoulder and back pain. For some middle-aged and elderly people, sudden shoulder and back pain is often ignored and treated as frozen shoulder, joint pain or sprain. However, one of the less common types of lung cancer, supraglottic sulcus tumor, shows this symptom. It is advisable to take a chest X-ray or at least a fluoroscopy, so that the necessary vigilance is still necessary. For the treatment of lung cancer, a very specialized doctor is needed to formulate a treatment plan. Nowadays, “individualized” treatment is emphasized both at home and abroad, which commonly means one plan for each patient. Each patient’s situation is different, such as the early or late stage of the disease, the strengths and weaknesses of the system, and the presence or absence of other co-morbidities. This kind of individualized treatment is the highest level that our specialists pursue. Generally speaking, early stage lung cancer should be treated mainly by surgery, while late stage lung cancer should be treated mainly by radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Just like we have a main course and a few side dishes for dinner. Which method is the “main course”, which method is the “side dish”, and how to match the “main course” and “side dish”? This is what we often call the integrated treatment model. Most lung cancer patients need a combination of multiple therapies, not a single model. In particular, it is important not to think that everything is fine after surgery, but to consult with a specialist to see if there are a few “side dishes”. The emphasis is on prevention and the “golden combination” of standardized treatment and individualized treatment. With the development of medical science and technology and the unremitting efforts of our medical workers, there will be more and more means to prevent and treat lung cancer, and we believe that one day we will be able to overcome this “fortress”.