Breast hyperplasia is related to breast cancer, especially papillary cystic hyperplasia, which is considered to be a pre-cancerous breast disease, and cystic hyperplasia has the characteristic of hormone-dependent growth, especially when endocrine hormone disorders are more likely to lead to atypical hyperplasia, ductal intraepithelial neoplasia, and sweat-like metaplasia and transform into malignancy. Currently, it is believed that cystic hyperplasia of the breast is a lesion caused by endocrine disorders, mainly related to long-term high levels of hormonal stimulation in women. Many studies have shown that the occurrence of malignant tumors is related to the activation of proto-oncogenes and mutation of oncogenes. In papillary cystic breast hyperplasia, scattered cellular papillary hyperplasia can be seen where cells appear as obvious heterogeneous hyperplasia, and some appear as sieve-like structures or outgrowth-like changes. Therefore, cystic hyperplasia of the breast plays a very important role in the development and progression of breast cancer, which develops from the occurrence of cystic hyperplasia while under the long-term action of hormones, resulting in the proliferation, heteromorphic hyperplasia, and highly heteromorphic hyperplasia of epithelial cells to cancer. When surgical specimens of papillary cystic hyperplasia were tested, positive expression of immunohistochemical patterns indicated that ER and PR play a major role in the progression of the disease to breast cancer. By observing the expression of hormone receptors in cystic hyperplasia of breast, it is a practical and reliable means and method to determine whether the cystic hyperplasia of breast is cancerous or not. Zhao Navy, Department of Breast Surgery, Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital Patients with periodic breast pain have elevated estrogen levels and decreased progesterone levels or an imbalance in the ratio of estrogen to progesterone, resulting in excessive hyperplasia or incomplete replenishment of the breast gland and fibrosis leading to breast pain. The results of animal experiments have shown that estrogen injections can induce breast cyst formation, and in some patients with breast pain there may be disorders of hypothalamic hormone regulation, most likely as a result of the long-term combined effect of multiple hormones. In addition, increased sensitivity of breast tissue to sex hormones is also a causative factor of mastocytosis. So far, there is not enough evidence to support that all patients with mastocytosis have abnormal hormone levels or hormone receptor numbers, but breast pain may be an abnormal response of patients’ breast tissue due to high sensitivity to normal levels of hormones. Clinical investigations have found that women with premenstrual breast pain have a significantly higher risk of developing fibrocystic changes in the breast, mammary fibroadenoma or breast cancer, suggesting that breast tissue in patients with mastocytosis may have a higher sensitivity to estrogen.