Bronchial asthma is listed by the World Health Organization as one of the four persistent diseases, and there are 300 million patients worldwide, and as many as 10 million children with asthma in China alone. Recently, Professor Jiang Yi, head of the Hubei Childhood Asthma Prevention and Control Collaborative Group and pediatrician of the People’s Hospital of Wuhan University, introduced a set of latest survey data.Since 1990, the National Childhood Asthma Prevention and Control Collaborative Group has conducted three epidemiological surveys on childhood asthma nationwide (except for Taiwan and Tibet).In 1990, the incidence rate of childhood asthma was about 0.9%; in 2000, it was about 1.9%; and A decade has passed, and according to preliminary statistics this year, this figure has reached about 3.6 percent. “The incidence of pediatric asthma is increasing year by year, almost doubling every 10 years due to factors such as air and atmospheric pollution and the increase in chemically-contaminated foods!” Jiang Yi said that parents do not have a clear understanding of what to do when children have asthma due to a variety of reasons. Some hospitals continue to use unreasonable treatment methods, which also leads to children’s asthma not being well controlled. In 2005, Zhong Nanshan, a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, wrote that only 5% of domestic asthma patients received standardized treatment. According to Jiang Yi’s estimation, only 10% of patients have received standardized treatment up to now. Jiang Yi pointed out that it is a very common problem that asthma treatment is not standardized. At the end of last year, Jiang Yi received a request for help from a prefecture-level hospital. A 3-year-old child was suffering from an acute asthma attack, and the hospital’s treatment with high doses of antibiotics was ineffective, and the child’s life was in danger. Jiang Yi rushed to listen to the patient and determined that the problem was a small airway, and immediately dilated the tube to improve ventilation, resulting in a 15-minute reprieve for the child. Jiang Yi said that to treat asthma in children, doctors should pay attention to differentiate different cases. For patients, it is more important to adhere to the treatment and follow a strict “stepwise” approach. If there is no attack after 3-6 months of medication, then the next stage will be entered; the medication can be stopped only if there is no attack within one year of using the lowest dose of medication. Jiang Yi stressed that as long as prevention is timely and treatment is standardized, children’s asthma can be completely “cut off”. But in the treatment must find the right cause, otherwise the treatment will not have substantial effect. Jiang Yi introduced that there are at least five or six common diseases that can lead to coughing and wheezing, medically known as upper respiratory cough syndrome. These diseases include allergic rhinitis, variant cough, postnasal drip syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, and asthma. For these diseases, it is important to standardize the diagnosis and find the right cause to implement treatment. For example, through chest X-ray examination to exclude foreign bodies in the lungs and tuberculosis; immunological examination to determine whether it is an allergic disease or immune insufficiency; skin test or blood collection for allergen testing; and lung function monitoring, as long as suffering from bronchial asthma, the attack or not can be diagnosed. Jiang Yi pointed out that some parents and doctors tend to confuse anti-infection treatment with anti-inflammatory treatment. Infection refers to the invasion of the body by bacteria, viruses or other pathogens, while inflammation refers to the body’s response to pathogens. Asthma develops because the body overreacts to certain stimuli; therefore, treatment should focus on how to stop this excessive metamorphosis and take effective anti-inflammatory therapy. Antibiotics are not advocated for asthma patients who do not have a co-infection with bacteria; it would be a mistake to think that the only way to treat asthma is to rely on escalating antibiotics. Jiang Yi said he has cured hundreds of patients and has an overall principle that combines treatment with prevention. Parents need to change the traditional concept of asthma that used to focus on treatment and not prevention. In addition, parents should not look at their children’s improvement and stop the medication, and look at their children’s heartache with the medication, but must follow the scientific criteria for stopping the medication, that is, patients who do not have an attack for a year with the lowest dose, before they can stop the medication.