Sparks in front of the eyes or flashes of light in front of the eyes are clinical diagnostic signs of temporal arteritis. Temporal arteritis, also known as cranial arteritis, is named after the anatomical site. It is an inflammatory disease of the large and medium arteries and can involve multiple sites of arteries, but all have temporal artery damage. It is characterized clinically by headache, fever, eye pain, generalized pain and progressive visual impairment or even blindness. The disease is closely related to rheumatic polymyalgia. Temporal arteritis is a common disease with a prevalence of about 24/100,000. It is an age-related disease with the most common age of onset being over 50 years old, with a male to female ratio of 1:3. The onset of the disease is significantly related to upper respiratory tract infections that occur with seasonal changes. In addition to temporal artery involvement, the disease is often associated with systemic or systemic, multiple medium and large arteritis, such as carotid, aorta, subclavian, coronary, mesenteric, iliac, femoral, and naive arteries and various branches of the carotid artery such as the facial, occipital, and ophthalmic arteries. Early symptoms are mild, with insidious onset. Systemic symptoms include fever, malaise, fatigue, lethargy, excessive sweating, anemia, headache and arthralgia, and are accompanied by rheumatic polymyalgia rheumatica, which manifests as bilateral symmetric muscle stiffness and pain, with pain in the neck, shoulders, lower back, hip and thighs, and is pronounced with activity. Some patients have rheumatic polymyalgia rheumatica as the first symptom. Myalgia can cause muscle weakness, but it is not the main manifestation. Wasting may resemble malignant wasting disease, polymyositis, or hyperthyroidism. Musculoskeletal symptoms may be located in the tendon or tendon attachment site of the shoulder joint, similar to shoulder tendonitis or bursitis, or similar to cervical spine arthritis. The most commonly affected joints are the sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, knee, spine, and pelvic joints. Occasionally, peripheral joint pain can be severe enough to be rheumatoid arthritis. Painful arteritis may develop several weeks or months after the onset of systemic symptoms. In clinical practice, temporal arteritis and rheumatic polymyalgia are often viewed as different manifestations of one disease process. In addition, there are many patients who present with typical polymyalgia rheumatica without symptoms of temporal arteritis and are only found to have temporal arteritis on temporal artery biopsy. When temporal arteritis occurs in conjunction with rheumatic polymyalgia, the symptoms of myalgia usually appear first, followed by the manifestation of temporal arteritis within a few months. The disease often overlaps organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism. In patients over 50 years of age, the disease should be highly suspected when there is fever, anemia, increased sedimentation, headache, eye pain, or sudden changes in vision with or without myalgia. Significant local tenderness and vascular stiffening and thickening along the course of the temporal artery can be the basic diagnosis of the disease. In patients with atypical clinical manifestations, some of them may show ocular symptoms in front and temporal arteritis symptoms in the back, which should raise the alert at this time. Long-term unexplained fever with increased sedimentation in elderly patients should be considered as this disease, as early fever is particularly common in this disease. Temporal arteritis should be considered in older adults presenting with headache or facial pain of any nature with increased sedimentation. The diagnosis is confirmed by a biopsy of the temporal artery confirming typical histopathological changes. In rare cases, the temporal artery is not involved, but rather the internal carotid artery and aortic branches are involved. At this point, the disease can be diagnosed by combining clinical, ophthalmologic and radiographic findings.