The essence of psycho-behavioral therapy is to change the patient’s belief system, exert their self-efficacy, and thereby improve insomnia symptoms. To accomplish this goal, the involvement of a medical professional is often required. Psychobehavioral treatments are effective for primary and secondary insomnia in adults and often include sleep hygiene education, stimulus control therapy, sleep restriction therapy, cognitive therapy, and relaxation therapy. These approaches are used either independently or in combination for the treatment of primary or secondary insomnia in adults. 1.Sleep hygiene education:Most insomnia patients have poor sleep habits that disrupt normal sleep patterns and form misconceptions about sleep, which leads to insomnia. Sleep hygiene education is mainly to help insomnia patients understand the important role of bad sleep habits in the occurrence and development of insomnia, analyze and find the reasons for forming bad sleep habits, and establish good sleep habits. In general, sleep hygiene education needs to be carried out simultaneously with other psychological and behavioral treatments, and it is not recommended to carry out sleep hygiene education as an isolated intervention. The content of sleep hygiene education includes: (1) Avoid using excitatory substances (coffee, strong tea or smoking, etc.) several hours before bedtime (usually after 4 pm); (2) Do not drink alcohol before bedtime, as alcohol can interfere with sleep; (3) Regular physical exercise, but avoid strenuous exercise before bedtime; (4) Do not eat and drink or eat indigestible food before bedtime; (5) Do not do at least 1 h of (6), the bedroom environment should be quiet, comfortable, light and temperature appropriate; (7), maintain a regular rest time. 2, relaxation therapy: stress, tension and anxiety are common factors that induce insomnia. Relaxation therapy can alleviate the adverse effects of the above factors, so it is the most commonly used non-pharmacological treatment for insomnia, the purpose of which is to reduce the alertness when lying in bed and reduce nighttime awakenings. Technique training to reduce arousals and promote nighttime sleep includes progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and abdominal breathing exercises. Patients planning relaxation training should practice consistently 2-3 times a day in a neat and quiet environment, initially under professional supervision. Relaxation therapy can be used as an independent intervention for insomnia treatment (Level I recommendation). Stimulation control therapy: Stimulation control therapy is a set of behavioral interventions to improve the interaction between sleep environment and sleep tendency (sleepiness), to restore the function of bed as a sleep-inducing signal, so that patients can easily fall asleep and rebuild the sleep-wake biorhythm. Stimulus control therapy can be applied as a stand-alone intervention (Level I recommendation). Details: (1), go to bed only when you feel like sleeping; (2), if you cannot fall asleep in bed for 20 min, get up and leave the bedroom, engage in some simple activities, and return to the bedroom when you feel like sleeping; (3), do not do activities in bed that are not related to sleep, such as eating, watching TV, listening to the radio and thinking about complex problems; (4), no matter how long you have slept the night before, keep a regular Wake up time; (5) Avoid naps during the day. Sleep restriction therapy: Many insomnia patients try to increase the chance of sleep by increasing the time of bed rest, but it is often contrary to their wishes, but the quality of sleep is further reduced. Sleep restriction therapy increases the drive to sleep by shortening the time spent awake in bed to improve sleep efficiency. The recommended sleep restriction therapy is as follows (Level II recommendation): (1) reduce the bedtime to match the actual sleep time and increase the bedtime by 15-20 min only if the sleep efficiency exceeds 85% for 1 week; (2) reduce the bedtime by 15-20 min when the sleep efficiency is below 80%, and keep the bedtime constant when the sleep efficiency is between 80% and 85%; and (3) increase the bedtime by 15-20 min when the sleep efficiency is below 80%. (3) Avoid daytime naps and keep regular waking time. 5.CBT- I: Insomnia patients are often afraid of insomnia itself, overly concerned about the adverse consequences of insomnia, and often feel nervous and worried about sleeping well when they are close to sleep, these negative emotions make sleep further deteriorate, and the aggravation of insomnia in turn affects the patient’s mood, forming a vicious circle between the two. The purpose of cognitive therapy is to change the patient’s cognitive bias about insomnia and to change the patient’s irrational beliefs and attitudes about sleep problems. Cognitive therapy is often used in combination with stimulus control therapy and sleep restriction therapy to form CBT- I for insomnia. The basic elements of cognitive behavioral therapy: (1) Maintain reasonable sleep expectations; (2) Do not blame all problems on insomnia; (3) Maintain natural sleep and avoid excessive subjective sleep intent (forcing oneself to sleep); (4) Do not focus too much on sleep; (5) CBT-I is usually a combination of cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy (stimulus control therapy, sleep restriction therapy), with the addition of relaxation therapy and sleep hygiene education. c BT-I is the core of psychobehavioral treatment for insomnia (Level I recommendation).